Abstract

Cognitive demands placed on university students are high and so is the prevalence of insomnia in this population. Neurocognitive functions, such as delayed recall, working memory, and flexibility are often impaired in patients with insomnia disorder. Therefore, this study investigates the development of neuropsychological functioning in students with insomnia symptoms over the course of a sleep training. In this pilot-study 54 university students with symptoms of insomnia were included and randomly assigned to a group intervention with cognitive behavioural therapy and hypnotherapy (n = 35) and a waiting-list control condition (n = 19). Sleep quality and objective measures of neurocognitive performance (attention, inhibition, flexibility, memory, and working memory) were assessed before and after the training or a waiting period of 6 weeks. Both the intervention condition and the waiting-list control condition improved with regards to sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and measures of higher cognitive functions. In addition, students in the intervention condition reported less subjective daytime impairments when compared to the waiting-list control condition. The subgroup of students with short sleep duration benefitted significantly from the intervention in flexibility and working memory tasks. In line with previous studies, improved sleep was associated with improved neuropsychological functioning. The additional improvements observed in students with short sleep duration indicate an association between insomnia severity and neuropsychological improvement.

摘要

对大学生的认知要求很高，这一人群的失眠症也很普遍。失眠症患者的神经认知功能，如延迟回忆、工作记忆和灵活性经常受损。因此，本研究调查了有失眠症状的学生在睡眠训练过程中神经心理功能的发展。在这项试点研究中，54 名有失眠症状的大学生被随机分配到认知行为治疗和催眠治疗组（n = 35）和等待名单控制条件组（n = 19）。在训练前后或 6 周的等待期之前和之后评估睡眠质量和神经认知表现（注意力、抑制、灵活性、记忆力和工作记忆）的客观测量。干预条件和等待名单控制条件在睡眠质量、睡眠持续时间、睡眠效率和更高认知功能的测量方面都有所改善。此外，与等候名单控制条件相比，干预条件下的学生报告的主观日间障碍较少。睡眠时间短的学生亚组显着受益于灵活性和工作记忆任务的干预。与之前的研究一致，改善睡眠与改善神经心理功能有关。在睡眠时间短的学生中观察到的额外改善表明失眠严重程度与神经心理改善之间存在关联。睡眠时间、睡眠效率和更高认知功能的测量。此外，与等候名单控制条件相比，干预条件下的学生报告的主观日间障碍较少。睡眠时间短的学生亚组显着受益于灵活性和工作记忆任务的干预。与之前的研究一致，改善睡眠与改善神经心理功能有关。在睡眠时间短的学生中观察到的额外改善表明失眠严重程度与神经心理改善之间存在关联。睡眠时间、睡眠效率和更高认知功能的测量。此外，与等候名单控制条件相比，干预条件下的学生报告的主观日间障碍较少。睡眠时间短的学生亚组显着受益于灵活性和工作记忆任务的干预。与之前的研究一致，改善睡眠与改善神经心理功能有关。在睡眠时间短的学生中观察到的额外改善表明失眠严重程度与神经心理改善之间存在关联。睡眠时间短的学生亚组显着受益于灵活性和工作记忆任务的干预。与之前的研究一致，改善睡眠与改善神经心理功能有关。在睡眠时间短的学生中观察到的额外改善表明失眠严重程度与神经心理改善之间存在关联。睡眠时间短的学生亚组显着受益于灵活性和工作记忆任务的干预。与之前的研究一致，改善睡眠与改善神经心理功能有关。在睡眠时间短的学生中观察到的额外改善表明失眠严重程度与神经心理改善之间存在关联。