Purpose

The poor leadership style is a key obstacle to the effective implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies. To successfully apply the Industry 4.0 technologies, which can enhance the sustainability of firms, senior management needs to be inspiring and transformational. On the other hand, numerous factors can hinder the Industry 4.0 transition and “Circular Supply Chain (CSC)” transformation. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to evaluate the related barriers of CSCs in the era of Industry 4.0 transition.

Design/methodology/approach

The current study developed an innovative decision-making approach with the help of the “Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo)” method and “Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC)” method on the “q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Sets (q-ROFSs).” CRITIC in this combined method was used to predict the importance or weighting degrees of the CSCs barriers in the age of Industry 4.0 transition.

Findings

The results of this study found that the absence of knowledge about the Industry 4.0 technologies and circular approaches was the first barrier followed by the problems associated with data security in relationship management in circular flows, the deficiency of knowledge regarding the data management among stakeholders and the lack of awareness about the potential benefits of autonomous systems in labor-oriented “End-of-Life (EOL)” activities for CSCs in the era of Industry 4.0 transition.

Research limitations/implications

A limitation may be that despite the generalizability of the proposed framework, the results may differ when it is implemented in different sectors. By emphasizing the obstacles to sustainable operations of supply chains (SCs) in the context of circular economy (CE) and Industry 4.0, researchers working in the same domain may be encouraged to find ways to remove such obstacles in different settings. As suggested in this study, the priority of various barriers helps researchers suggest effective strategies for the sustainable development of companies within the current dynamic business atmosphere.

Practical implications

The findings of this paper can aid industry practitioners in fixing their attention on the digitization or automation of their systems in the context of sustainability or resource circularity. Note that within the current context of CE, one of the crucial issues is how to conserve the existing resources; the answer to this question can save the environment.

Originality/value

The current paper proposed a new multi-criteria decision-making method using q-ROFSs to analyze, rank and evaluate the CSC barriers in the age of Industry 4.0 transition. To this end, a new decision-making approach with the help of CRITIC and CoCoSo methods on q-ROFSs called q-ROF-CRITIC-CoCoSo was introduced to evaluate the CSCs barriers in the era of Industry 4.0 transition.

中文翻译：

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使用扩展决策方法评估工业 4.0 转型时代的循环供应链障碍

目的

糟糕的领导风格是有效实施工业 4.0 技术的主要障碍。为了成功应用可以增强公司可持续性的工业 4.0 技术，高级管理人员需要鼓舞人心并具有变革性。另一方面，诸多因素可能会阻碍工业 4.0 转型和“循环供应链 (CSC)”转型。因此，本研究的主要目的是评估工业 4.0 转型时代 CSC 的相关障碍。

设计/方法/方法

目前的研究在“q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Sets (q-ROFSs) 的“Combined Compromise Solution (CoCoSo)”方法和“Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC)”方法的帮助下开发了一种创新的决策方法。” 该组合方法中的 CRITIC 用于预测工业 4.0 转型时代 CSC 障碍的重要性或权重程度。

发现

本研究结果发现，缺乏对工业 4.0 技术和循环方法的知识是第一个障碍，其次是循环流中关系管理中的数据安全问题、利益相关者之间数据管理知识的缺乏以及在工业 4.0 过渡时代，对自主系统在 CSC 以劳动力为导向的“生命终结 (EOL)”活动中的潜在好处缺乏认识。

研究限制/影响

一个限制可能是，尽管提议的框架具有普遍性，但在不同部门实施时结果可能会有所不同。通过强调在循环经济 (CE) 和工业 4.0 的背景下供应链 (SC) 可持续运营的障碍，可以鼓励在同一领域工作的研究人员找到在不同环境中消除这些障碍的方法。正如本研究中所建议的，各种障碍的优先级有助于研究人员在当前动态的商业环境中为公司的可持续发展提出有效的战略。

实际影响

本文的研究结果可以帮助行业从业者在可持续性或资源循环的背景下将注意力集中在系统的数字化或自动化上。请注意，在当前 CE 的背景下，关键问题之一是如何保护现有资源；这个问题的答案可以拯救环境。

原创性/价值

本文提出了一种新的多准则决策方法，使用 q-ROFS 对工业 4.0 转型时代的 CSC 障碍进行分析、排名和评估。为此，引入了一种新的决策方法，借助 CRITIC 和 CoCoSo 方法对 q-ROFSs 称为 q-ROF-CRITIC-CoCoSo，以评估工业 4.0 过渡时代的 CSCs 障碍。