This work aimed at revealing the mechanism of strong ground pressure behaviour (SGPB) induced by high-position hard roof (HHR). Based on the supporting structures model of HHR, a modified voussoir beam mechanical model for HHR was established by considering the gangue support coefficient, through which the modified expressions of limit breaking span and breaking energy of HHR were deduced. Combined with the relationship between the dynamic-static loading stress of supporting body (hydraulic support and coal wall) and its comprehensive supporting strength, the criteria of ground pressure behaviour (GPB) induced by HHR were discussed. The types of I₁, I₂, Ⅱ₁, and Ⅱ₂ of GPB were interpreted. Results showed that types I₁ and I₂ were the main forms of SGPB in extra-thick coal seam mining. The main manifestation of SGPB was static stress, which was mainly derived from the instability of HHR rather than fracture. Accordingly, an innovative control technology was proposed, which can weaken static load by vertical-well separated fracturing HHR. The research results have been successfully applied to the 8101 working face in Tashan coal mine, Shanxi Province, China. The results of a digital borehole camera observation and stress monitoring proved the rationality of the GPB criteria. The control technology was successful, paving the way for new possibilities to HHR control for safety mining.

本工作旨在揭示高位硬顶（HHR）引起的强地压行为（SGPB）的机理。在HHR支护结构模型的基础上，建立了考虑矸石支撑系数的HHR修正voussoir梁力学模型，推导出了HHR极限破断跨度和破断能的修正表达式。结合支护体（液压支架和煤壁）的动静载荷应力与其综合支护强度的关系，探讨了HHR诱发地压行为（GPB）的判据。对GPB的I ₁、I ₂、Ⅱ ₁、Ⅱ ₂类型进行了解释。结果表明 I 型₁和I ₂是特厚煤层开采中SGPB的主要形式。SGPB的主要表现形式为静应力，主要来源于HHR的失稳而非断裂。为此，提出了一种创新的控制技术，可以通过垂直井分离压裂HHR来减弱静载荷。研究成果已成功应用于山西省塔山煤矿8101工作面。数字钻孔相机观测和应力监测结果证明了 GPB 准则的合理性。控制技术是成功的，为安全采矿的 HHR 控制的新可能性铺平了道路。