Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is a potent greenhouse gas as well as the key component depleting the ozone sphere of the earth. Cattle have high feed and water intakes and excrete large amounts of urine and feces. N₂O can be produced from cattle excreta during storage and use as fertilizer. Mitigating the N₂O emissions from cattle excreta during production is important for protecting the environment and the sustainable development of the cattle industry. Feeding cattle with low-protein diets increases N utilization rates, decreases N excretion and consequently reduces N₂O emissions. However, this approach cannot be applied in the long term because of its negative impact on animal performance. Recent studies showed that dietary inclusion of some plant secondary metabolites such as tannins, anthocyanins, glucosinolates and aucubin could manipulate the N excretion and the urinary components and consequently regulate N₂O emissions from cattle excreta. This review summarized the recent developments in the effects of dietary tannins, anthocyanins and glucosinolates on the metabolism of cattle and the N₂O emissions from cattle excreta and concluded that dietary inclusion of tannins or anthocyanins could considerably reduce N₂O emissions from cattle excreta.

一氧化二氮 (N ₂ O) 是一种强效温室气体，也是消耗地球臭氧层的关键成分。牛的饲料和水摄入量很高，并且会排出大量的尿液和粪便。N ₂ O 可以在储存过程中从牛的排泄物中产生并用作肥料。减少生产过程中牛排泄物的 N ₂ O 排放对于保护环境和养牛业的可持续发展具有重要意义。用低蛋白日粮喂养牛可提高 N 利用率，减少 N 排泄，从而减少 N ₂O 排放。然而，这种方法不能长期应用，因为它对动物性能有负面影响。最近的研究表明，膳食中添加一些植物次生代谢物，如单宁、花青素、硫代葡萄糖苷和紫檀，可以控制 N 排泄和尿液成分，从而调节牛排泄物中的 N ₂ O 排放。这篇综述总结了日粮单宁、花青素和硫代葡萄糖苷对牛代谢和牛排泄物 N ₂ O 排放影响的最新进展，并得出结论认为，在日粮中添加单宁或花青素可以显着减少牛排泄物中的 N ₂ O 排放。