Soil-litter mixing has been found to affect soil erosion. However, previous studies did not distinguish the effects of litter exposed on the soil surface and that buried in the soil resulting from soil-litter mixing processes. This causes an unclear understanding of the effect of soil-litter mixing on soil erosion. In this research, we hypothesized that after mixing, the exposed litter would decrease soil erosion, while the litter buried in the soil would increase soil erosion. To test this hypothesis, soil boxes were filled with three treatments: soil-litter mixing with surface-exposed litter (CS), soil-litter mixing without surface-exposed litter (S), and soil surface cover (C) at four litter rates (0, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.35 kg m⁻²). Laboratory rainfall experiments were performed under a soil box slope of 10° and at a rainfall intensity of 80 mm h⁻¹. The results of this study showed that the CS and C treatments reduced runoff velocity, and their velocities changed similarly depending on the surface cover of litter. However, in the S treatment, the litter rate increasedid not change runoff velocity significantly, indicating that runoff velocity was mostly controlled by the litter on the soil surface. Under the same surface cover, the C treatment reduced sediment yield by up to 39%; while the S treatment was found to increase sediment yield by up to 43% compared with the bare soil. The sediment yield of the CS treatment showed a decreasing trend as the litter rate increased. When the litter increased to 0.35 kg m⁻², the sediment in CS treatment was 19% lower than in the bare soil. These results demonstrate a counteracting effect of surface litter and buried litter. The promoting effect of the buried litter on sediment yield was explained by the undecomposed litter creating an oversaturated condition and introducing a deforming force that decreased soil resistance to erosion. This study suggests that it is necessary to isolate the effect of exposed litter and buried litter on soil erosion, particularly in the early period after soil-litter mixing when litter is undecomposed.

已经发现土壤-垃圾混合会影响土壤侵蚀。然而，以前的研究没有区分暴露在土壤表面的凋落物和土壤 - 凋落物混合过程导致的埋在土壤中的凋落物的影响。这导致对土壤-凋落物混合对土壤侵蚀的影响的理解不清楚。在这项研究中，我们假设混合后，暴露的枯枝落叶会减少土壤侵蚀，而埋在土壤中的枯枝落叶会增加土壤侵蚀。为了验证这一假设，土壤箱中填充了三种处理方法：土壤凋落物与表面暴露的凋落物混合 (CS)、土壤与表面暴露的凋落物混合 (S) 和四种凋落物率的土壤表面覆盖 (C) (0、0.10、0.20 和 0.35 kg m ^-2）。实验室降雨实验在 10° 的土壤箱坡度和 80 mm h ^-1的降雨强度下进行。本研究结果表明，CS 和 C 处理降低了径流速度，并且它们的速度变化相似，具体取决于枯落物的表面覆盖。而在S处理中，凋落物率的增加并没有显着改变径流速度，说明径流速度主要受土壤表面凋落物的控制。在相同的地表覆盖下，C 处理减少了高达 39% 的产沙量；与裸土相比，S 处理可增加高达 43% 的产沙量。CS处理的产沙量随着凋落物的增加呈下降趋势。当垫料增加到 0.35 kg m ^-2，CS处理的沉积物比裸土低19%。这些结果证明了表面垃圾和掩埋垃圾的抵消作用。埋地凋落物对产沙的促进作用可以通过未分解的凋落物造成过饱和条件和引入降低土壤抗侵蚀能力的变形力来解释。这项研究表明，有必要将裸露的枯枝落叶和埋藏的枯枝落叶对土壤侵蚀的影响隔离开来，特别是在枯枝落叶未分解的土壤与枯枝落叶混合后的早期阶段。