Although direct kidney infection by SARS-CoV-2 remains controversial, a study based largely on autopsies shows increased tubulointerstitial fibrosis in patients with COVID-19 and suggests direct kidney infection. Moreover, in human kidney organoids, SARS-CoV-2 infection upregulates several pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory pathways.

中文翻译：

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潜在的 SARS-CoV-2 肾脏感染和损伤途径

尽管 SARS-CoV-2 直接感染肾脏仍存在争议，但一项主要基于尸检的研究显示 COVID-19 患者的肾小管间质纤维化增加，并提示直接肾脏感染。此外，在人类肾脏类器官中，SARS-CoV-2 感染上调了几种促纤维化和促炎途径。