A variety of coating techniques are available for medical devices to be tailored with surface properties aimed at optimizing their performance in biological environments. Cold spray, as a member of the thermal spray family, is now being exploited to efficiently deposit micro- to nanometer sized metallic or non-metallic particles on surgical implants, medical devices and surfaces in the healthcare environment to create functional coatings. Cold spray has attracted attention in the context of biomedical applications due to the fact that multiple materials can be combined easily at the surface of these devices, and that oxygen-sensitive and heat-sensitive organic molecules, including bioactive compounds, can be incorporated in these coatings due to the relatively low temperatures used in the process. The ability to maintain material and chemical properties and the ability to create functional coatings make the cold spray process particularly suitable for applications in the MedTech industry sector.

This review explores the fabrication of cold spray coatings including the types of materials that have been used for biomedical purposes, provides a detailed analysis of the factors affecting cold spray coating performance, and gives an overview over the most recent developments related to the technology. Cold spray coatings that have been used until this point in time in biomedical applications can be broadly classified as biocompatible coatings, anti-infective coatings, anti-corrosive coatings, and wear-resistant coatings. In addition, this review discusses how these applications can be broadened, for example by providing antiviral effect against coronavirus (COVID-19). While we highlight examples for multifunctional cold spray coatings, we also explore the current challenges and opportunities for cold spray coatings in the biomedical field and predict likely future developments.

多种涂层技术可用于医疗器械，以定制其表面特性，以优化其在生物环境中的性能。冷喷涂作为热喷涂系列的一员，现在正被用于在医疗环境中的外科植入物、医疗设备和表面上有效地沉积微米到纳米尺寸的金属或非金属颗粒，以形成功能性涂层。冷喷涂在生物医学应用领域引起了人们的关注，因为多种材料可以在这些设备的表面轻松组合，并且可以将包括生物活性化合物在内的氧敏感和热敏感有机分子结合到这些设备中。由于该过程中使用的温度相对较低，因此涂层。

本综述探讨了冷喷涂涂层的制造，包括已用于生物医学目的的材料类型，详细分析了影响冷喷涂涂层性能的因素，并概述了与该技术相关的最新发展。迄今为止，在生物医学应用中一直使用的冷喷涂涂层可大致分为生物相容性涂层、抗感染涂层、防腐涂层和耐磨涂层。此外，本综述讨论了如何扩大这些应用，例如通过提供抗冠状病毒 (COVID-19) 的抗病毒作用。虽然我们重点介绍了多功能冷喷涂涂层的示例，