Cross-sectional work suggests that deployment-related posttraumatic sequelae are associated with increased disability in U.S. veterans deployed following the September 11, 2001 (9/11), terrorist attacks. However, few studies have examined the psychiatric and somatic variables associated with changes in functional disability over time. A total of 237 post-9/11 veterans completed comprehensive assessments of psychiatric and cognitive functioning, as well as a disability questionnaire, at baseline and 2-year follow-up. At baseline, higher levels of PTSD, depressive, and pain-related symptoms were associated with baseline global functional disability, semipartial r² = .036–.044. Changes in symptoms of PTSD, depression, pain, and sleep, but not anxiety or alcohol use, were independently associated with changes in functional disability, semipartial r² = .017–.068. Baseline symptoms of these conditions were unrelated to changes in disability, and cognitive performance was unrelated to disability at any assessment point. Together, this suggests that changes in psychiatric and somatic symptoms are tightly linked with changes in functional disability and should be frequently monitored, and even subclinical symptoms may be a target of intervention.

中文翻译：

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近期美国退伍军人躯体和精神症状变化与残疾改变之间的关联

横断面研究表明，与部署相关的创伤后后遗症与 2001 年 9 月 11 日 (9/11) 恐怖袭击后部署的美国退伍军人的残疾增加有关。然而，很少有研究检查与功能性残疾随时间变化相关的精神和躯体变量。在基线和 2 年的随访中，共有 237 名 9/11 后退伍军人完成了对精神和认知功能的全面评估，以及残疾问卷。在基线，较高水平的 PTSD、抑郁和疼痛相关症状与基线整体功能障碍相关，半部分r ²= .036–.044。PTSD、抑郁、疼痛和睡眠症状的变化，但与焦虑或饮酒无关，与功能障碍的变化独立相关，半部分r ² = .017–.068。这些疾病的基线症状与残疾的变化无关，认知表现在任何评估点都与残疾无关。总之，这表明精神和躯体症状的变化与功能障碍的变化密切相关，应经常监测，甚至亚临床症状也可能成为干预的目标。