Multiple institutional affiliations (or co-affiliations) occur when an academic belongs to more than one organisation. Recent research shows an increase in academics with multiple affiliations, but evidence on how these are organised and on academics’ motivations is mainly anecdotal. In this study we develop a typology of co-affiliations, which identifies four types based on their purpose and origin. We draw on results from a unique international survey of academics in three major science nations (the UK, Germany, and Japan) to study the different factors that could explain the four types of co-affiliations. The analysis shows that academics’ motivations (networking/prestige, resources, teaching, or personal income) correlate with the observed co-affiliation type. Researcher-initiated and research-focussed co-affiliations are often motivated by networking and resource access while co-affiliations that serve other than research purposes are more often income-motivated.

中文翻译：

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学术界多个机构隶属关系的背后是什么？

当一名学者属于多个组织时，就会出现多个机构隶属关系（或联合隶属关系）。最近的研究表明，具有多种从属关系的学者有所增加，但有关这些组织如何组织以及学者动机的证据主要是轶事。在这项研究中，我们开发了一种共同隶属关系的类型学，它根据其目的和起源确定了四种类型。我们利用对三个主要科学国家（英国、德国和日本）的学者进行的独特国际调查的结果来研究可以解释这四种类型的联合关系的不同因素。分析表明，学者的动机（网络/声望、资源、教学或个人收入）与观察到的共同隶属关系类型相关。