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Habitat and drought influence the diet of an unexpected mycophagist: fishers in the Sierra Nevada, California
Journal of Mammalogy ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-12-14 , DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyab167
G Bradley Smith 1 , Jody M Tucker 2 , Jonathan N Pauli 1
Affiliation  

Climate change is creating hotter, drier, and more extreme weather. Weather anomalies such as extended drought along the Pacific Coast of North America are redefining ecosystems. In the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, an isolated, distinct and federally endangered population of fishers (Pekania pennanti) currently faces multiple threats. Severe drought, tree mortality, and megafires are reshaping the landscape in the southern Sierra with largely unknown effects on fisher ecology and conservation. Using hair collected during long-term population monitoring, we analyzed stable isotopes to quantify the diets of fishers before and after drought, and explored how habitat quality mediated the effect of drought on fisher diet. For the core population of fishers which occupy the northern and western portions of this region, their isotopic niche declined both in drought and in lower-quality habitats. Regardless of drought or habitat conditions, the summer diet of fishers here was dominated by fungi (47%), while little vertebrate mass (14%) was consumed. However, drought and habitat did influence consumption of plants and insects; fishers consumed more insects and less plants in drought conditions and in poorer habitat. In contrast, at the perennially dry, high-altitude Kern Plateau at the southeastern extent of their range, fishers predominantly consumed vertebrates (59%). Fishers show great plasticity in their diet, but the means and capacity for this flexibility is poorly understood. Retaining atypical diet items, notably fungi, and a diversity of forage in the Sierra Nevada could help to buffer the negative fitness costs from rapid environmental change for this endangered species.

中文翻译:

栖息地和干旱影响了意想不到的食菌者的饮食:加利福尼亚州内华达山脉的渔民

气候变化正在造成更热、更干燥和更极端的天气。北美太平洋沿岸持续干旱等天气异常现象正在重新定义生态系统。在加利福尼亚州的内华达山脉,一个孤立的、独特的、联邦濒临灭绝的渔民群体(Pekania pennanti)目前面临着多重威胁。严重的干旱、树木死亡和大火正在重塑塞拉利昂南部的景观,对渔民生态和保护的影响在很大程度上是未知的。使用在长期种群监测期间收集的头发,我们分析了稳定同位素以量化干旱前后渔民的饮食,并探讨了栖息地质量如何调节干旱对渔民饮食的影响。对于占据该地区北部和西部的渔民核心人口,它们的同位素生态位在干旱和质量较差的栖息地都下降了。无论干旱或栖息地条件如何,这里渔民的夏季饮食以真菌为主(47%),而消耗少量脊椎动物(14%)。然而,干旱和栖息地确实影响了植物和昆虫的消费;在干旱条件下和栖息地较差的情况下,渔民消耗的昆虫更多,植物消耗更少。相比之下,在其范围东南部常年干燥的高海拔克恩高原上,渔民主要以脊椎动物为食(59%)。渔民在他们的饮食中表现出很强的可塑性,但人们对这种灵活性的手段和能力知之甚少。保留非典型饮食项目,尤其是真菌,
更新日期:2021-12-14
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