Marine wildlife stranding is a global phenomenon, and for some taxonomic groups, these events are well monitored and documented. Although sharks are among the most threatened vertebrates, strandings have historically been neglected, with little information on this topic currently available. To address this knowledge gap, a systematic review on scientific publications from indexed databases, multimedia material and citizen science databases was performed. A total of 3150 reports were recovered, with strandings dating back to 1880 including 89 species of sharks from 22 families. Both single/small-scale and mass stranding events were observed. Species ranged from coastal to oceanic, with reports for small-, medium- and large-sized sharks. Leopard (Triakis semifasciata, Triakidae), brown smooth-hound (Mustelus henlei, Triakidae) and salmon sharks (Lamna ditropis, Laminidae) were the species with most records. Females stranded significantly more than males, but juveniles and adults were affected in the same proportion. Shark strandings were reported for 47 countries, and the United States was the most representative location, highlighting the states of California and Oregon. Survival rates were extremely low, indicating that stranded sharks are more vulnerable that other taxonomic groups. Potential and putative causes were identified, being similar to those suggested for marine mammal strandings. Our results indicate that although they occur to a lesser extent when compared to mammals, shark strandings are neglected, and urgent measurements are necessary to better understand, document and to properly respond to these events.

中文翻译：

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鲨鱼搁浅的全球评估

海洋野生动物搁浅是一种全球现象，对于某些分类群来说，这些事件得到了很好的监控和记录。尽管鲨鱼是最受威胁的脊椎动物之一，但搁浅在历史上一直被忽视，目前关于这个主题的信息很少。为了解决这一知识差距，对索引数据库、多媒体材料和公民科学数据库中的科学出版物进行了系统审查。共回收3150份报告，搁浅可追溯到1880年，包括22科89种鲨鱼。观察到单/小规模和大规模搁浅事件。物种范围从沿海到海洋，有小型、中型和大型鲨鱼的报告。豹（Triakis semifasciata，Triakidae），棕色光滑猎犬（Mustelus henlei , Triakidae) 和鲑鱼 ( Lamna ditropis, Laminidae) 是记录最多的物种。女性滞留明显多于男性，但青少年和成年人受到的影响比例相同。有 47 个国家报告了鲨鱼搁浅事件，其中美国是最具代表性的地点，突出显示了加利福尼亚州和俄勒冈州。存活率极低，表明搁浅的鲨鱼比其他分类群更容易受到伤害。确定了潜在的和推定的原因，类似于海洋哺乳动物搁浅的建议。我们的研究结果表明，尽管与哺乳动物相比，它们发生的程度较小，但鲨鱼搁浅被忽略了，为了更好地理解、记录和正确应对这些事件，有必要进行紧急测量。