Ginseng is a perennial herb with a long growth cycle and is known to easily accumulate pesticides during its growth process, seriously threatening people's health. Therefore, to ensure safe consumption, it is necessary to detect and monitor pesticide residues in ginseng. In this study, a novel analysis method was established for simultaneous determination of 31 pesticides in ginseng by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Ginseng samples were extracted using acetonitrile, cleaned up by primary secondary amine (PSA) solid-phase extraction column eluted with acetonitrile-toluene, and then detected in multiple reaction mode (MRM). The calibration curves of target compounds were linear in the range of 0.005–1.0 mg/L, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9921. The limits of detection of all the pesticides in ginseng were between 4.4×10⁻⁵ and 1.6 × 10⁻² mg/kg. For fresh ginseng, the average recoveries ranged from 72.1 to 111.6%, and the relative standard deviations were 1.3–12.2%. For dry ginseng, the average recoveries were 74.3–108.3%, and the relative standard deviations were 0.9–14.9%. The residual concentrations of some pesticides in real samples were greater than the maximum residue limit (MRL) for European Union (EU). The method established here is rapid and simple with high sensitivity and good reproducibility, which is sensitive in the residue analysis of many pesticides in ginseng.

中文翻译：

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高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定人参中31种农药的新分析方法

人参是多年生草本植物，生长周期长，在生长过程中容易积聚农药，严重威胁人们的健康。因此，为确保食用安全，有必要对人参中的农药残留进行检测和监测。本研究建立了一种高效液相色谱-质谱联用同时测定人参中31种农药的分析方法。人参样品用乙腈提取，用乙腈-甲苯洗脱的伯仲胺（PSA）固相萃取柱净化，然后在多反应模式（MRM）下检测。目标化合物的校准曲线在 0.005–1.0 mg/L 范围内呈线性，相关系数大于 0.9921。^-5和 1.6 × 10 ^-2  mg/kg。鲜人参的平均回收率为 72.1% 至 111.6%，相对标准偏差为 1.3% 至 12.2%。干参的平均回收率为 74.3-108.3%，相对标准偏差为 0.9-14.9%。实际样品中某些农药的残留浓度高于欧盟 (EU) 的最大残留限量 (MRL)。该方法快速简便，灵敏度高，重现性好，在人参中多种农药残留分析中具有较高的灵敏度。