New estimates of economic flows by age combined with population projections show that in the coming decades (1) global GDP growth could be slower by about 1 percentage point per year, declining more sharply than population growth; (2) GDP will shift toward sub-Saharan Africa more than population trends suggest; (3) living standards of working-age adults may be squeezed by high spending on children and seniors; (4) changing population age distribution will raise living standards in many lower-income nations; (5) changing economic life cycles will amplify the economic effects of population aging in many higher income economies; and (6) population aging will likely push public debt, private assets, and perhaps productivity higher. Population change will have profound implications for national, regional, and global economies.

中文翻译：

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人口变化影响全球经济的六种方式

新的按年龄划分的经济流量估计和人口预测表明，在未来几十年 (1) 全球 GDP 增长可能每年放缓约 1 个百分点，下降幅度大于人口增长；(2) GDP 向撒哈拉以南非洲转移的程度将超过人口趋势所显示的；(3) 工作年龄成年人的生活水平可能会因儿童和老年人的高额支出而受到挤压；(4) 人口年龄分布的变化将提高许多低收入国家的生活水平；(5) 不断变化的经济生命周期将放大许多高收入经济体人口老龄化的经济影响；(6) 人口老龄化可能会推高公共债务、私人资产，或许还有生产力。人口变化将对国家、区域和全球经济产生深远影响。