Abstract

The paper provides an overview of methods and technical devices for remote temperature and humidity sensing of the Earth’s atmosphere from satellites developed in Russia. A brief description of modern and forthcoming infrared and microwave atmospheric sounders installed on Meteor-M operational polar-orbiting weather satellites is given. The physical and mathematical base of interpreting measurements of atmospheric sounders (IKFS-2 infrared Fourier spectrometer and MTVZA-GYa microwave radiometer) is presented. The technologies for retrieving atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles are described. The results of retrieval validation as well as the prospects for further development of satellite remote temperature and humidity sensing systems are discussed.

中文翻译：

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地球大气远程温湿度传感方法和仪器的开发

摘要

本文概述了利用俄罗斯研制的卫星对地球大气进行远程温度和湿度传感的方法和技术设备。简要介绍了安装在 Meteor-M 运行的极轨气象卫星上的现代和即将推出的红外和微波大气探测仪。介绍了解释大气探测仪（IKFS-2 红外傅里叶光谱仪和 MTVZA-GYa 微波辐射计）测量值的物理和数学基础。描述了检索大气温度和湿度剖面的技术。讨论了反演验证结果以及卫星遥感温湿度遥感系统的进一步发展前景。