A number of different phenomena in pigeon visual cognition suggest that pigeons do not immediately recognize two identical objects in different locations as being "the same." To examine this question directly, pigeons were trained in an absolute go/no-go discrimination between arbitrary selections from sets of 16 images of paintings by Claude Monet. Of the eight positive stimuli, four always appeared in the same location, whereas the other four appeared equally often in each of two locations; the same was true of the negative stimuli. There was a consistent tendency for stimuli that appeared in a single position to be better discriminated than those that appeared in two positions, although by the end of training this effect was confined to negative stimuli. This result suggests that, for a pigeon, an image's location is one of the bundle of features that define it, and that pigeons need to learn to abstract from that feature rather than doing so automatically. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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位置作为鸽子识别视觉对象的一个​​特征。

鸽子视觉认知中的许多不同现象表明鸽子不会立即将不同位置的两个相同物体识别为“相同”。为了直接检查这个问题，鸽子接受了训练，以绝对区分从克劳德莫奈的 16 幅画作中任意选择。在 8 个正向刺激中，有 4 个总是出现在同一个位置，而另外 4 个在两个位置的每一个中出现的频率相同；负面刺激也是如此。出现在单个位置的刺激比出现在两个位置的刺激具有一致的趋势，尽管在训练结束时这种效果仅限于负面刺激。这个结果表明，对于一只鸽子来说，一个图像' 位置是定义它的一组特征之一，鸽子需要学习从那个特征中抽象出来，而不是自动地这样做。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。