Clinical Psychologist ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-26 , DOI: 10.1080/13284207.2021.2022434 Tom Liao 1 , Elly Quinlan 1 , Simone Mohi 1
ABSTRACT
Objective
The theoretical orientation/s adopted by psychologists is the informing framework for understanding from which their practice is grounded. How early-career psychologists come to adopt the theoretical orientation/s they utilise in their applied therapeutic practice is unclear. This qualitative study explored the key influences on Australian early-career psychologists’ choice of theoretical orientations including the role of psychology higher education.
Method
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 Australian early-career psychologists. Interviews focused on the broad influences of theoretical orientations and the impact of postgraduate education, with transcripts analysed using inductive thematic analysis.
Results
Participants discussed the importance of personal factors, training factors, clinical practice and professional factors, factors related to the stage in professional development, and limiting factors.
Conclusions
This study has described the key influences on Australian early-career psychologists’ choice of theoretical orientations. Findings highlight the need for psychology education programmes to increase the diversity in training on theoretical orientations.
Key Points
What is already known about this topic:
Theoretical orientations serve as the foundation to psychotherapeutic practice, through which psychologists come to understand and provide the interventions necessary to address the difficulties of their clients.
Consistent with the rest of the western world, eclecticism appears to be the most prevalent approach in Australia clinical practice, although the endorsement of cognitive-behavioural theoretical orientations also appears to be popular.
Early-career psychologists represent a unique demographic within the psychology profession, however limited research has examined the influences on their choice of theoretical orientations.
What this topic adds:
Participants reported that they were drawn to theoretical orientations which resonated with their personal experience, worldview and personality. The needs of their clients was also a fundamental influence.
Participants acknowledged the crucial role of postgraduate training, however many expressed that Australian psychology training programmes would benefit from diversifying training exposing them to different theoretical orientations.
Participants reported that their perceptions of theoretical orientations were particularly susceptible to the influence of external factors (i.e., supervisors, peers, colleagues and workplace) during the early-career phase.
中文翻译：
影响早期职业心理学家理论取向的因素
摘要
客观的
心理学家采用的理论方向是理解他们的实践所依据的信息框架。早期职业心理学家如何采用他们在应用治疗实践中使用的理论方向尚不清楚。这项定性研究探讨了对澳大利亚早期职业心理学家选择理论方向的关键影响，包括心理学高等教育的作用。
方法
对 12 名澳大利亚早期职业心理学家进行了半结构化访谈。访谈侧重于理论方向的广泛影响和研究生教育的影响，并使用归纳主题分析对成绩单进行分析。
结果
与会者讨论了个人因素、培训因素、临床实践和专业因素、与专业发展阶段相关的因素以及限制因素的重要性。
结论
本研究描述了对澳大利亚早期职业心理学家选择理论方向的关键影响。研究结果强调了心理学教育计划的必要性，以增加理论方向培训的多样性。
关键点
关于这个主题的已知信息：
理论导向是心理治疗实践的基础，心理学家通过理论导向来理解并提供必要的干预措施来解决客户的困难。
与西方世界其他地区一致，折衷主义似乎是澳大利亚临床实践中最流行的方法，尽管对认知行为理论方向的认可似乎也很受欢迎。
早期职业心理学家代表了心理学专业中独特的人群，但是有限的研究检查了对他们选择理论方向的影响。
本主题添加的内容：
参与者报告说，他们被与他们的个人经历、世界观和个性产生共鸣的理论取向所吸引。客户的需求也是一个根本性的影响。
参与者承认研究生培训的关键作用，但许多人表示，澳大利亚的心理学培训计划将受益于多样化的培训，使他们接触不同的理论方向。
参与者报告说，他们对理论取向的看法在职业生涯早期特别容易受到外部因素（即主管、同事、同事和工作场所）的影响。
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