This paper addresses the location of virtue within a virtuous person. It examines the relations of body (shen 身, ti 體, xing 形, gong 躬), mind (xin 心) and spirit (shen 神) in the Shijing 詩經, which describes virtue (de 德) in terms of the bodies and minds of virtuous agents. I argue that virtue is attributed to outward behavior, rather than inner state, and that that behavior is described via the performance of the shen or gong body.

中文翻译：

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《石经》中的德、身、意、神：战前人格德观的新视角

本文讨论了德行在有德之人中的位置。考察《诗经》中的身（神身、体、形、弓）、心（心）、神（神）的关系，用身心来形容德。的贤者。我认为美德归因于外在的行为，而不是内在的状态，并且这种行为是通过神或功体的表现来描述的。