The recent wave of populism has focused attention on ‘left behind’ places as hotspots of discontent. Seeking to remedy their neglect in urban and regional studies, the aim of this paper is to engage with the problems of ‘left behind’ places and to stimulate fresh thinking about alternative approaches. Reflecting the complex and inter-connected issues facing such places, it argues that a new conception is required to address issues of belonging and attachment. The paper outlines the basis of an expanded neo-endogenous development approach, identifying the foundational economy, income and livelihoods, social infrastructures and social innovation as key policy concerns.

中文翻译：

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为“落后”的地方重新定义城市和区域“发展”

最近的民粹主义浪潮将注意力集中在“落后”的地方，这些地方是不满的热点。为了弥补他们在城市和区域研究中的忽视，本文的目的是解决“落后”地区的问题，并激发对替代方法的新思考。反映这些地方面临的复杂和相互关联的问题，它认为需要一个新的概念来解决归属和依恋问题。该文件概述了扩展的新内生发展方法的基础，将基础经济、收入和生计、社会基础设施和社会创新确定为关键的政策问题。