ABSTRACT

Child and adolescent victims of sexual crimes are at high risk for further abuse, which translates in a relatively higher risk of revictimization for a child or adolescent who has already been a victim of sexual abuse, compared to one who has not. Although sexual revictimization has been extensively studied in young and adult populations, much less is known about occurrences in childhood and adolescence. In this vein, this article seeks to identify risk of, and protective factors against, revictimization in a census sample of victims under 18 years of age in Chile. Risk and protective factors were studied in a database of all complaints of sexual offenses against children and adolescents registered at two time-points over two years: first, during 2012, and again through January 2015. Using multiple logistic regression, we identified risk factors associated with the probability of sexual revictimization, such as sex of the perpetrator (OR = 3.6 for female perpetrators), previous sexual offenses attributed to perpetrators (OR = 1.8), age of victim at the time of abuse (6–12 OR = .77; 13–17 = OR = .69), and minimization of abuse (OR = 1.3). Finally, interaction tests identified an association between the sex of the original perpetrator and the sex of the victim, as well as an association between the sex of the original perpetrator and the age of the victim. The implications of these findings for victim protection and victimological public policy are discussed.

摘要

性犯罪的儿童和青少年受害者面临进一步虐待的高风险，这意味着与没有成为性虐待受害者的儿童或青少年相比，已经成为性虐待受害者的儿童或青少年再次受害的风险相对较高。尽管性再受害已在年轻人和成年人群中进行了广泛研究，但对儿童和青春期发生的事件知之甚少。在这方面，本文试图在智利 18 岁以下受害者的人口普查样本中确定再次受害的风险和保护因素。在两年内两个时间点登记的所有针对儿童和青少年的性犯罪投诉的数据库中研究了风险和保护因素：第一次是在 2012 年期间，第二次是到 2015 年 1 月。使用多元逻辑回归，我们确定了与再次受害概率相关的风险因素，例如施暴者的性别（女性施暴者的 OR = 3.6）、归因于施暴者的先前性犯罪（OR = 1.8）、受虐时受害者的年龄（6- 12 OR = 0.77；13–17 = OR = .69），并最大限度地减少滥用（OR = 1.3）。最后，交互测试确定了原施暴者的性别与受害者的性别之间的关联，以及原施暴者的性别与受害者的年龄之间的关联。讨论了这些发现对受害者保护和受害者公共政策的影响。虐待时受害者的年龄（6-12 OR = .77；13-17 = OR = .69），以及虐待的最小化（OR = 1.3）。最后，交互测试确定了原施暴者的性别与受害者的性别之间的关联，以及原施暴者的性别与受害者的年龄之间的关联。讨论了这些发现对受害者保护和受害者公共政策的影响。虐待时受害者的年龄（6-12 OR = .77；13-17 = OR = .69），以及虐待的最小化（OR = 1.3）。最后，交互测试确定了原施暴者的性别与受害者的性别之间的关联，以及原施暴者的性别与受害者的年龄之间的关联。讨论了这些发现对受害者保护和受害者公共政策的影响。