We estimated risk factors associated with suspected neuropsychomotor developmental delay at age 2 years, in a birth cohort in the Brazilian Amazon. The Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition in Acre (MINA-Brasil) study is a population-based birth cohort involving children born between July 2015 and June 2016 in the municipality of Cruzeiro do Sul, in the Brazilian state of Acre. We assessed neuropsychomotor development in 735 and 819 children at one and 2 years of age, respectively, using the Denver II screening test. Multivariate Poisson regression models were used to investigate the factors associated with suspected developmental delay at age 2 years. The frequency of suspected developmental delay was 29.5 and 51.0% at one and 2 years of age, respectively, with a cumulative incidence of 41.6% and a persistence of 60.6% between the first and second years of life. After adjustment, the risk of developmental delay at 2 years of age was found to be higher for children born to women with fewer years of education and whose mothers had urinary tract infection during pregnancy. Other risk factors included male sex, low height for age at 2 years, malaria at childhood, pacifier use and limited child stimulation at age 2 years.

中文翻译：

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巴西亚马逊出生队列中出生前 2 年疑似神经精神运动发育迟缓：发病率、持续性和风险因素

我们在巴西亚马逊地区的一个出生队列中估计了与 2 岁时疑似神经精神运动发育迟缓相关的风险因素。Acre 的母婴健康和营养 (MINA-Brasil) 研究是一项基于人口的出生队列，涉及 2015 年 7 月至 2016 年 6 月期间在巴西阿克里州南克鲁塞罗市出生的儿童。我们使用丹佛 II 筛查测试分别评估了 735 名和 819 名 1 岁和 2 岁儿童的神经精神运动发育。多变量泊松回归模型用于调查与 2 岁时疑似发育迟缓相关的因素。1岁和2岁时疑似发育迟缓的频率分别为29.5%和51.0%，累积发生率为41.6%，持续发生率为60%。在生命的第一年和第二年之间为 6%。调整后发现，受教育年限较低且母亲在怀孕期间患有尿路感染的女性所生的孩子在 2 岁时发育迟缓的风险更高。其他风险因素包括男性、2 岁时的低身高、儿童时期的疟疾、安抚奶嘴的使用和 2 岁时对儿童的刺激有限。