The COVID-19 pandemic has presented young adults with novel challenges and disruptions to several life domains. The current study examined how COVID-19-related stressors (i.e., job-related, financial-related, social/relational, and illness-related stressors) relate to young adults' symptoms of depression and anxiety, and satisfaction with life (in the US). In Aim 1, we examined associations between COVID-19-related stressors and indices of mental health and well-being in the initial phase of the pandemic (April/May 2020) while accounting for participants' pre-pandemic levels of these outcomes in January of 2020 (N = 519; M_age = 25.4; 62.8% women). Social/relational stressors were most strongly associated with increased symptoms of anxiety/depression, and financial stressors were most strongly associated with decreased satisfaction with life. Extending this research longitudinally (Aim 2), we sampled young adults bi-monthly across a year-long period (September 2020 to August 2021). Multilevel models revealed within-person associations between each stressor domain and mental health/well-being; young adults reported more symptoms of depression/anxiety and lower satisfaction with life in months that stressors were relatively more salient. Interactions between stressors and time revealed associations were generally stronger in earlier months and decreased linearly across the pandemic. Taken together, longitudinal evidence indicates that COVID-19-related stressors, especially social/relational stressors, have direct and time-varying associations with mental health and well-being.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 相关压力源对年轻人心理健康和福祉的纵向影响

COVID-19 大流行给年轻人的多个生活领域带来了新的挑战和破坏。当前的研究探讨了与 COVID-19 相关的压力源（即工作相关、财务相关、社交/关系和疾病相关压力源）与年轻人的抑郁和焦虑症状以及生活满意度（在我们）。在目标 1 中，我们研究了大流行初期（2020 年 4 月/5 月）与 COVID-19 相关的压力源与心理健康和幸福指数之间的关联，同时考虑了参与者 1 月份这些结果的大流行前水平2020 年（N =  519；M_年龄 = 25.4；62.8% 为女性）。社会/关系压力源与焦虑/抑郁症状的增加最密切相关，而财务压力源与生活满意度下降最密切相关。纵向扩展这项研究（目标 2），我们在一年的时间里（2020 年 9 月至 2021 年 8 月）每两个月对年轻人进行一次抽样。多层次模型揭示了每个压力源领域与心理健康/福祉之间的人际关联；在压力源相对更为突出的几个月里，年轻人报告了更多的抑郁/焦虑症状和更低的生活满意度。压力源和时间之间的相互作用表明，在前几个月，这种关联通常更强，并且在整个大流行期间呈线性下降。综上所述，纵向证据表明，与 COVID-19 相关的压力源，尤其是社交/关系压力源，与心理健康和福祉具有直接且随时间变化的关联。