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The Metabolic Role and Therapeutic Potential of the Microbiome
Endocrine Reviews ( IF 20.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-30 , DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnac004
Louise E Olofsson 1 , Fredrik Bäckhed 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Abstract
We are host to an assembly of microorganisms that vary in structure and function along the length of the gut and from the lumen to the mucosa. This ecosystem is collectively known as the gut microbiota and significant efforts have been spent during the past two decades to catalog and functionally describe the normal gut microbiota and how it varies during a wide spectrum of disease states. The gut microbiota is altered in several cardiometabolic diseases and recent work has established microbial signatures that may proceed disease. However, most research has focused on identifying associations between the gut microbiota and human diseases states and to investigate causality and potential mechanisms using cells and animals. Since the gut microbiota functions on the intersection between diet and host metabolism, and can contribute to inflammation, several microbially produced metabolites and molecules may modulate cardiometabolic diseases. Here we discuss how the gut bacterial composition is altered in, and can contribute to, cardiometabolic disease, as well as how the gut bacteria can be targeted to treat and prevent metabolic diseases.


中文翻译:

微生物组的代谢作用和治疗潜力

摘要
我们是一组微生物的宿主,这些微生物的结构和功能沿着肠道的长度以及从管腔到粘膜的变化。这个生态系统统称为肠道微生物群,在过去的二十年中,人们付出了巨大的努力来对正常肠道微生物群进行分类和功能描述,以及它在广泛的疾病状态下如何变化。肠道微生物群在几种心脏代谢疾病中发生了改变,最近的工作已经确定了可能导致疾病的微生物特征。然而,大多数研究都集中在确定肠道微生物群与人类疾病状态之间的关联,并利用细胞和动物研究因果关系和潜在机制。由于肠道微生物群在饮食和宿主新陈代谢之间发挥作用,并可能导致炎症,几种微生物产生的代谢物和分子可以调节心脏代谢疾病。在这里,我们讨论了肠道细菌组成如何在心脏代谢疾病中发生改变,以及如何促成心脏代谢疾病,以及如何靶向肠道细菌来治疗和预防代谢疾病。
更新日期:2022-01-30
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