Background. Hypertension is an important public health concern that is claiming millions of lives worldwide. In sub-Saharan African countries, where some of the highest prevalence rates are being recorded, sufficient attention has not been given to its control. Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the association and predictive potential of different anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measures for hypertension. Methods. A total of 812 individuals (204 men and 608 women) were enrolled, and their blood pressure measurement was determined. Direct anthropometric measures (weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and hip circumference) and derived anthropometric measures (body mass index, conicity index, abdominal volume index (AVI), and body adiposity index) were determined. BIA indices investigated included visceral fat level (VF), percentage body fat (%BF), resting metabolic rate (RMR), and skeletal muscle mass. Results. A prevalence of 31.28% was observed for hypertension in the total study population, with males having a slightly higher prevalence than females. Except for the skeletal muscle mass, all the other indices measured showed an increasing trend from normotension to prehypertension and hypertension. Age and visceral fat level showed the highest correlation with systolic blood pressure for both genders. Receiver operator characteristic analysis showed that age was the best predictor of hypertension in both genders, whereas, in predicting prehypertension, RMR was the best predictor in males, and WC was the best predictor in females. VF, WC, and AVI were other good predictors of hypertension in this study population. However, BMI and % BF had a low predictive value for hypertension. Conclusion. The result of this study shows that within this study population in addition to age, measures of central obesity rather than general obesity are the likely drivers of the hypertension epidemic; thus, measures aimed at controlling central obesity may offer some therapeutic and preventive advantage.

中文翻译：

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人体测量学和生物电阻抗指数作为加纳成年人群高血压潜在预测因子效用的比较评估：一项横断面研究

背景。高血压是一个重要的公共卫生问题，正在夺去全世界数百万人的生命。在一些流行率最高的撒哈拉以南非洲国家，对其控制没有给予足够的重视。客观。本研究的目的是确定不同人体测量和生物电阻抗分析 (BIA) 措施对高血压的关联和预测潜力。方法. 共招募了 812 人（204 名男性和 608 名女性），并确定了他们的血压测量值。确定了直接人体测量（体重、身高、腰围（WC）和臀围）和派生的人体测量（体重指数、锥度指数、腹部体积指数（AVI）和身体肥胖指数）。研究的 BIA 指数包括内脏脂肪水平 (VF)、体脂百分比 (%BF)、静息代谢率 (RMR) 和骨骼肌质量。结果. 在整个研究人群中观察到高血压的患病率为 31.28%，男性的患病率略高于女性。除骨骼肌质量外，所有其他测量指标均呈现从正常血压到高血压前期和高血压的增加趋势。年龄和内脏脂肪水平与两性的收缩压相关性最高。接受者操作者特征分析表明，年龄是两性高血压的最佳预测因子，而在预测高血压前期，RMR是男性的最佳预测因子，WC是女性的最佳预测因子。VF、WC 和 AVI 是本研究人群中高血压的其他良好预测指标。然而，BMI 和 % BF 对高血压的预测价值较低。结论. 本研究结果表明，在本研究人群中，除年龄外，中心性肥胖而非一般肥胖的测量值可能是高血压流行的驱动因素；因此，旨在控制中心性肥胖的措施可能会提供一些治疗和预防优势。