Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterised by recurrent episodes of complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. OSA syndrome (OSAS) is used when OSA is associated with symptoms such as excessive daytime sleepiness, anxiety and depression. OSAS is a common condition which is associated with several comorbidities. The prevalence of OSA and OSAS has increased globally over the past decade reflecting an increased prevalence of obesity. Currently, the mainstay of treatment for OSAS is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) applied via a nasal mask. CPAP therapy has a strong evidence base and has recently been endorsed in the UK by the National Institute of Clinical Excellence, yet it is seldom greeted by patients with enthusiasm and adherence rates in clinical practice remain suboptimal.1 Thus, there is great interest in alternative therapies for OSAS which entails understanding the underlying pathophysiology. Absent airflow, apnoea and the related phenomenon of reduced airflow (hypopnea) causing arousal and sleep fragmentation is the hallmark of OSAS, yet the mechanism underlying apnoea in OSA remains unclear. Clinically, obstructive events …

中文翻译：

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在睡眠呼吸暂停中阻塞：更多的是驱动而不是负载问题？

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 的特征是在睡眠期间反复发作完全或部分上呼吸道阻塞。当 OSA 与白天过度嗜睡、焦虑和抑郁等症状相关时，使用 OSA 综合征 (OSAS)。OSAS 是一种与多种合并症相关的常见疾病。在过去十年中，全球 OSA 和 OSAS 的患病率有所增加，这反映了肥胖患病率的增加。目前，OSAS 的主要治疗方法是通过鼻罩应用持续气道正压通气 (CPAP)。CPAP 疗法具有强大的证据基础，最近在英国获得了英国国家临床卓越研究所的认可，但很少受到患者的欢迎，并且临床实践中的依从率仍然欠佳1。因此，OSAS 的替代疗法引起了极大的兴趣，这需要了解潜在的病理生理学。缺乏气流、呼吸暂停和相关的气流减少（低通气）现象导致觉醒和睡眠碎片是 OSAS 的标志，但 OSA 中呼吸暂停的潜在机制仍不清楚。临床上，阻塞性事件……