Agroforestry Systems ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-20 , DOI: 10.1007/s10457-021-00724-5 Shilpa Choudhary 1 , Ashok Santra 1 , Nirmala Muwel 1 , Ajoy Mandal 1 , Subrata Kumar Das 1 , Srobana Sarkar 2
Sustainable feeding practices using agroforestry plants with high nutritional value can replace costlier feed ingredients, reduce food feed competition and lower greenhouse gas emissions in ruminants. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess nutritional value and in vitro rumen fermentation parameters of various unconventional tree leaves from North Eastern Himalayan region to widen phytobiotic feed additive sources for mitigating ruminal methanogenesis. Leaves of Chillowance (Schima wallichii), Khasre (Ficus hirta), Tree bean (Parkia roxburghii), Parari (Schefflera wallichiana), Simontonia (Exbucklandia populnea), Nevaro (Ficus auriculata), Da qing shu (Ficus hookeri), Sohiong (Prunus nepalensis) and Rubber tree (Ficus elastica) were collected and individually incubated with cattle rumen liquor to determine their effect on in vitro methanogenesis, microbial biomass production and dry matter digestibility. The range of OM, CP, EE, T-CHO, NDF, ADF and cellulose content in the tree leaves were 83.6–97, 8.6–30.8, 1.9–4.8, 70.5–84.7, 43–61, 17–43 and 9–26.4% on DM basis, respectively. Following 24 h incubation, it was observed that Schefflera wallichiana had highest dry matter digestibility (68.2%) followed by Prunus nepalensis (63.5%), while methane production was found to be lowest in Ficus hookeri (18.3 mL/g of digestible dry matter/24 h). Based on the results of in vitro fermentation studies, three promising tree leaves, i.e. Prunus nepalensis, Ficus hookeri and Schefflera wallichiana, were further screened for their use as additives by replacing 25, 50 and 100 mg of control substrate (40% concentrate mixture and 60% paddy straw). Methane production was significantly reduced up to 20.8% with the replacement of control substrate by Ficus hookeri leaves at graded levels. Furthermore, an average reduction of 13.3% was observed in case of methane production when Ficus hookeri was added as an additive in comparison to Schefflera wallichiana and Prunus nepalensis leaves. Microbial biomass production and dry matter digestibility were enhanced up to 17.9 and 3.4%, whereas methane production was lowered by 15.3% with the addition of above tree leaves as additives irrespective of levels. Therefore, it can be implied that leaves of Schefflera wallichiana, Prunus nepalensis and Ficus hookeri have the potential to act as rumen modifiers for improving rumen fermentation and reducing enteric methanogenesis in ruminants.
中文翻译:
全混合日粮中喜马拉雅东北部森林树叶作为调节瘤胃体外发酵和产甲烷的饲料添加剂筛选
使用具有高营养价值的农林业植物的可持续饲养实践可以替代更昂贵的饲料成分,减少食物饲料竞争并降低反刍动物的温室气体排放。因此,本研究旨在评估喜马拉雅东北部地区各种非常规树叶的营养价值和体外瘤胃发酵参数,以拓宽植物生物饲料添加剂来源,以减轻瘤胃产甲烷作用。Chillowance(叶西南木荷),Khasre(榕古草),树豆(球花豆属莲),Parari(鹅掌红豆杉),Simontonia(马蹄荷属杨天牛),Nevaro(木瓜榕),大清舒(收集Ficus hookeri )、Sohiong ( Prunus nepalensis ) 和 Rubber tree ( Ficus elastica ) 并分别与牛瘤胃液一起培养,以确定它们对体外产甲烷、微生物生物量产生和干物质消化率的影响。树叶中OM、CP、EE、T-CHO、NDF、ADF和纤维素含量的范围分别为83.6-97、8.6-30.8、1.9-4.8、70.5-84.7、43-61、17-43和9-分别为 26.4%(基于 DM)。培养 24 小时后,观察到Schefflera wallichiana的干物质消化率最高 (68.2%),其次是Prunus nepalensis (63.5%),而Ficus hookeri的甲烷产量最低(18.3 毫升/克可消化干物质/24 小时)。根据体外发酵研究的结果, 通过替换25、50 和 100 mg 对照底物( 40 %浓缩混合物和 60% 稻草)。用Ficus hookeri叶子在分级水平上替换对照基质后,甲烷产量显着降低了 20.8% 。此外,当添加Ficus hookeri作为添加剂时,甲烷产生量平均减少了 13.3%。Schefflera wallichiana和Prunus nepalensis的叶子。微生物生物量产量和干物质消化率分别提高了 17.9% 和 3.4%,而甲烷产量降低了 15.3%,无论水平如何,添加上述树叶作为添加剂。因此,可以暗示Schefflera wallichiana、Prunus nepalensis和Ficus hookeri的叶子具有作为瘤胃调节剂的潜力,以改善反刍动物的瘤胃发酵和减少肠道产甲烷。