At the pandemic of COVID-19, the movement of business and other non-essential activities were majorly restricted at the end of March 2020 in India and continued in different lockdown phases until June 2020. By categorically, studying sensitivity towards anthropogenic factors with other environmental implications in urban Indian cities during phase-wise lockdown scenarios will pave the way for a refined Clean Air Programme (CAP). In this study, the aerosol particulate matter variations between the lockdown phases in both spatial and temporal scales have been explored along with cities exceeding national ambient air quality (NAAQ) standards covering different geographical regions of India for their air quality level. The results of the spatial pattern of Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring System (CAMS) near-real-time data showed a negative change both in Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) (-0.2 to 0.1) and black carbon AOD (bcAOD) (-0.9 to -0.75). The changes were evident in successive phases of lockdown with an overall AOD reduction of about 70–90%. Southern urban cities showed a significant impact of mobile sources from temporal analysis than other cities. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for effects of pollutants by anthropogenic factors (mobile and point source) and meteorological factors (wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, relative humidity) revealed the two significant driving factors. PM reduction was about 50–70%, predominantly due to anthropogenic factors. The factor analysis revealed the influence of meteorological factors between the major urban cities (Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Chennai, Bengaluru, and Hyderabad). Cities that exceed NAAQ standard performed well during phase-wise lockdowns, exceptional to cities in Gangetic plain. This study helps to frame region-specific strategic action plans for the CAP.

在 COVID-19 大流行期间，印度的商业活动和其他非必要活动于 2020 年 3 月受到主要限制，并在不同的封锁阶段持续到 2020 年 6 月。通过明确地研究对人为因素与其他环境因素的敏感性在分阶段封锁情景中对印度城市城市的影响将为完善的清洁空气计划（CAP）铺平道路。在这项研究中，探索了在空间和时间尺度上的锁定阶段之间的气溶胶颗粒物变化，以及超过印度不同地理区域空气质量水平的国家环境空气质量 (NAAQ) 标准的城市。哥白尼大气监测系统（CAMS）近实时数据的空间模式结果显示气溶胶光学深度（AOD）（-0.2至0.1）和黑碳AOD（bcAOD）（-0.9至-）均出现负变化0.75)。这些变化在锁定的连续阶段很明显，总体 AOD 减少了约 70-90%。从时间分析来看，南方城市显示出移动源的显着影响比其他城市。人为因素（移动和点源）和气象因素（风速、风向、太阳辐射、相对湿度）对污染物影响的主成分分析 (PCA) 揭示了两个重要的驱动因素。PM 减少约 50-70%，主要是由于人为因素。因子分析揭示了主要城市（德里、加尔各答、孟买、钦奈、班加罗尔和海得拉巴）之间气象因素的影响。超过 NAAQ 标准的城市在分阶段封锁期间表现良好，恒河平原的城市例外。这项研究有助于为 CAP 制定针对特定区域的战略行动计划。