Pathogen invasion leads to fast, local-to-systemic signal transduction that initiates plant defense responses. Despite tremendous progress in past decades, aspects of this process remain unknown, such as which cell types respond first and how signals are transferred among cell types. Here, we used single-cell RNA-seq of more than 50 000 single cells to document the gene expression landscape in leaves of woodland strawberry during infection by Botrytis cinerea and identify major cell types. We constructed a single-cell atlas and characterized the distinct gene expression patterns of hydathode, epidermal, and mesophyll cells during the incubation period of B. cinerea infection. Pseudotime trajectory analysis revealed signals of the transition from normal functioning to defense response in epidermal and mesophyll cells upon B. cinerea infection. Genes related to disease resistance showed different expression patterns among cell types: disease resistance-related genes and gene encoding transcription factors were highly expressed in individual cell types and interacted to trigger plant systemic immunity to B. cinerea. This is the first report to document the of single-cell transcriptional landscape of the plant pathogenic invasion process, it provides new insights into the wholistic dynamics of host-pathogen interactions and can guide the identification of genes and the formulation of strategies for resistant cultivar development.

中文翻译：

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使用单细胞 RNA-seq 开发早期灰霉病菌感染期间林地草莓 (Fragaria vesca) 叶子的单细胞图谱。

病原体入侵导致快速、局部到全身的信号转导，从而启动植物防御反应。尽管过去几十年取得了巨大进步，但这一过程的各个方面仍然未知，例如哪些细胞类型首先响应以及信号如何在细胞类型之间传递。在这里，我们使用超过 50 000 个单细胞的单细胞 RNA-seq 来记录灰霉病菌感染期间林地草莓叶子中的基因表达情况，并确定主要细胞类型。我们构建了一个单细胞图谱，并在 B. cinerea 感染的潜伏期描述了水体细胞、表皮细胞和叶肉细胞的不同基因表达模式。伪时间轨迹分析揭示了 B. cinerea 感染后表皮和叶肉细胞从正常功能向防御反应转变的信号。抗病相关基因在细胞类型中表现出不同的表达模式：抗病相关基因和编码转录因子的基因在个体细胞类型中高度表达，并相互作用触发植物对灰霉病菌的系统免疫。这是第一份记录植物病原入侵过程的单细胞转录景观的报告，它为宿主-病原体相互作用的整体动力学提供了新的见解，并可以指导基因的鉴定和抗性栽培品种开发策略的制定. 灰霉病。这是第一份记录植物病原入侵过程的单细胞转录景观的报告，它为宿主-病原体相互作用的整体动力学提供了新的见解，并可以指导基因的鉴定和抗性栽培品种开发策略的制定. 灰霉病。这是第一份记录植物病原入侵过程的单细胞转录景观的报告，它为宿主-病原体相互作用的整体动力学提供了新的见解，并可以指导基因的鉴定和抗性栽培品种开发策略的制定.