The southwestern region of the Amazon has great environmental variability, presents a great complexity of pedoenvironments due to its rich variability of geological and geomorphological environments, as well as for being a transition region with other two Brazilian biomes. In this study, the use of pedometric tools (the Algorithms for Quantitative Pedology (AQP) R package and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy) was evaluated for the characterization of 15 soil profiles in southwestern Amazon. The AQP statistical package—which evaluates the soil in-depth based on slicing functions—indicated a wide range of variation in soil attributes, especially in the superficial horizons. In addition, the results obtained in the similarity analysis corroborated with the description of physical, chemical components and oxide contents in-depth, aiding the classification of soil profiles. The in-depth characterization of visible-near infrared spectra allowed inference of the pedogenetic processes of some profiles, setting precedents for future work aiming to establish analytical strategies for soil classification in southwestern Amazon based on spectral data.

亚马逊西南地区环境多变，地质地貌环境多变，土壤环境复杂，是巴西其他两个生物群落的过渡区。在这项研究中，评估了使用计步工具（定量土壤学算法 (AQP) R 包和漫反射光谱）对亚马逊西南部 15 个土壤剖面的表征。AQP 统计软件包——根据切片函数对土壤进行深度评估——表明土壤属性的变化范围很广，尤其是在表层层。此外，相似性分析得到的结果与对物理、化学成分和氧化物含量的深入描述得到印证，帮助土壤剖面的分类。可见-近红外光谱的深入表征允许推断一些剖面的成土过程，为未来的工作开创先例，旨在建立基于光谱数据的亚马逊西南部土壤分类分析策略。