As compared with normal-oleic peanuts, high-oleic peanuts proved to be heart-healthier and had a prolonged shelf life and extended seed longevity. However, there have been concerns about the genetic diversity of present-day high-oleic peanut cultivars, which relied heavily on high-oleic donors with F435 type FAD2 mutations. In the study, a total of 104 high-oleic peanut cultivars/lines/mutants from main breeding teams in China were used to assess their genetic diversity with AhMITE markers. Of all the 31 cultivars tested, those from CTW (Chuan Tang Wang) team had the highest genetic variability. Again, of all the 73 lines studied, those from the same team ranked first in genetic diversity. As compared with cultivars from CTW and C&Y (Xiao Yuan Chi and Shan Lin Yu) teams, greater genetic diversity was detected in new lines of both teams, indicating that recent breeding efforts had resulted in improved genetic diversity in high-oleic peanuts.