Microwave (MW) absorption ability of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles was increased by attaching NiO nanomaterials to them through a co-precipitation approach. The surface of the synthesized nanohybrids was hydrophilized using three different natural agents to disperse in water. The synthesized nanohybrids were characterized by several analyses. The colloidal stability, magnetic behavior and the effect of surface modification agent on the MW absorption ability of the synthesized nanohybrids were investigated. The ability of surface-modified nanohybrids to increase the oil recovery factor was studied by injecting them into a 2D glass micromodel as the porous medium. The results showed that CA is the best modification agent with high colloidal stability strong MW absorption and the lowest effect on the reduction of magnetic saturation of uncoated nanohybrids. Citric acid decreased the saturation magnetization from 55.43 emu/gr at the uncoated state to 52.82 emu/gr at the modified state. The oil sample with more polar compounds such as asphaltene could be further heated and its viscosity further reduced in an EM heating process. By adding 0.1 wt% of the Fe₃O₄-NiO nanohybrids, the viscosity of sample (S1) was reduced by 266 mPa·s more than the MW radiation state alone. The findings indicate that MW radiation can significantly increase the heavy oil recovery factor. Water injection had only 16.6% oil recovery; however, this value increased to 41.5% by radiating 400 watts MW This increase will be further enhanced by adding modified Fe₃O₄-NiO nanohybrids to water. The Fe₃O₄-NiO @ CA, Fe₃O₄-NiO @ APTES, and Fe₃O₄-NiO @ PEG had 69%, 63.5%, and 58.3% oil recovery, respectively. Finally, it was found that the surface modified nanohybrids could change the wettability of the porous medium from oil-wet to water-wet. After coating the glass with the Fe₃O₄-NiO @ CA nanofluid, the oil contact angle decreased from 140° to 17°.

_{Fe 3} O ₄的微波（MW）吸收能力通过共沉淀方法将 NiO 纳米材料附着在纳米颗粒上来增加纳米颗粒。使用三种不同的天然试剂将合成的纳米杂化物的表面亲水化以分散在水中。合成的纳米杂化物通过几种分析来表征。研究了胶体稳定性、磁行为和表面改性剂对合成纳米杂化物的MW吸收能力的影响。通过将其注入二维玻璃微模型作为多孔介质，研究了表面改性纳米杂化物提高采收率的能力。结果表明，CA是最好的改性剂，胶体稳定性高，吸收MW强，对未包覆纳米杂化物的磁饱和降低效果最低。柠檬酸将饱和磁化强度从未涂层状态下的 55.43 emu/gr 降低到改性状态下的 52.82 emu/gr。含有更多极性化合物（如沥青质）的油样可以在 EM 加热过程中进一步加热，并进一步降低其粘度。通过添加 0.1 wt% 的 Fe₃ O ₄ -NiO纳米杂化物，样品（S1）的粘度比单独的MW辐射状态降低了266 mPa·s。研究结果表明，MW 辐射可以显着提高稠油采收率。注水采收率仅为 16.6%；然而，通过辐射 400 瓦 MW，该值增加到 41.5%。通过向水中添加改性的 Fe ₃ O ₄ -NiO 纳米杂化物，该值将进一步提高。Fe ₃ O ₄ -NiO @ CA、Fe ₃ O ₄ -NiO @ APTES 和 Fe ₃ O ₄-NiO @ PEG 的采油率分别为 69%、63.5% 和 58.3%。最后，发现表面改性的纳米杂化物可以将多孔介质的润湿性从油湿变为水湿。用Fe ₃ O ₄ -NiO@CA纳米流体涂覆玻璃后，油接触角从140°降低到17°。