The lithium–sulfur battery (Li–S battery) has attracted extensive attention because of its high energy density, but a series of disadvantages caused by sulfur insulation and the shuttle effect hinder the large-scale application of the Li–S battery. The conductive skeleton with strong adsorption on lithium polysulfide can effectively build the electron transmission path and inhibit the shuttle effect. In this study, a new type of chlorella-based biomass carbon skeleton carrying TiO₂ metal sites (TiO₂@CBBC) is designed and synthesized, and it was used as a functional separator modification material for the lithium sulfur battery. The biomass carbon skeleton has a unique three-dimensional skeleton and a unique specific surface, which can carry uniform titanium active sites and rich oxygen negative ions, so as to build a functional network of electron conduction, adsorbing polysulfide intermediates and promoting the dynamics of the sulfur conversion reaction. The Li–S battery equipped with a functional TiO₂@CBBC separator shows excellent rate performance and cycle performance. The initial capacity of the lithium sulfur battery is up to 1011 mAh g^–1 at 2C and can maintain 92% of the specific capacity after 100 cycles. At a stricter rate of 3C, the battery can still operate stably, and the coulomb efficiency remains above 95% throughout the entire process. This work represents a promising approach for developing the stability of lithium–sulfur batteries at a high rate.

中文翻译：

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用于高倍率锂硫电池的 TiO2@小球藻基生物质碳改性隔膜

锂硫电池（Li-S电池）因其高能量密度而受到广泛关注，但硫绝缘和穿梭效应带来的一系列缺点阻碍了Li-S电池的大规模应用。对多硫化锂具有强吸附性的导电骨架，可以有效构建电子传输路径，抑制穿梭效应。本研究构建了一种新型的小球藻基生物质碳骨架，其载有 TiO ₂金属位点（TiO ₂@CBBC) 被设计合成，用作锂硫电池的功能性隔膜改性材料。生物质碳骨架具有独特的三维骨架和独特的比表面，可承载均匀的钛活性位点和丰富的氧负离子，从而构建电子传导、吸附多硫化物中间体的功能网络，促进碳的动力学。硫转化反应。配备功能性 TiO ₂ @CBBC 隔膜的 Li-S 电池表现出优异的倍率性能和循环性能。锂硫电池初始容量高达1011 mAh g ^–1在 2C 下，循环 100 次后仍可保持 92% 的比容量。在更严格的3C倍率下，电池仍能稳定运行，全程库仑效率保持在95%以上。这项工作代表了一种有前途的方法，可以高速发展锂硫电池的稳定性。