Peanut oral immunotherapy (OIT) was recently approved by the US FDA. However, not all patients respond to OIT, and there is a high likelihood of regaining sensitization to peanuts after cessation of treatment. It is important, therefore, to identify biomarkers that impact and predict OIT outcomes. In this issue of the JCI, Monian, Tu, and colleagues describe distinct subsets of peanut-reactive CD4⁺ Th cell phenotypes and gene signatures with relevance to OIT outcomes using single-cell RNA-Seq and paired T cell receptor (TCR) α/β sequencing. The insights obtained will inform the development of therapeutics that target these Th cell phenotypes or deplete peanut-specific Th2 cells to achieve sustained nonresponsiveness in food allergy.

中文翻译：

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解读花生口服免疫疗法的成败

花生口服免疫疗法（OIT）最近获得了美国 FDA 的批准。然而，并非所有患者都对 OIT 有反应，并且在停止治疗后很有可能重新对花生过敏。因此，识别影响和预测 OIT 结果的生物标志物非常重要。在本期JCI中，Monian、Tu 及其同事使用单细胞 RNA-Seq 和配对 T 细胞受体 (TCR) α ^/ β测序。获得的见解将为开发针对这些 Th 细胞表型或消耗花生特异性 Th2 细胞以实现对食物过敏的持续无反应性的疗法的开发提供信息。