Mental and physical (MAP) training targets the brain and the body through a combination of focused-attention meditation and aerobic exercise. The following feasibility pilot study tested whether 6 weeks of MAP training improves mental health outcomes, while enhancing discrimination learning and heart rate variability (HRV) in a group of women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other stress-related conditions. Participants were assigned to training (n = 18) or no-training control (n = 8) groups depending on their ability and willingness to participate, and if their schedule allowed. Training sessions were held once a week for 6 weeks with 30 min of meditation followed by 30 min of aerobic exercise. Before and after 6 weeks of training, participants completed the Behavioral Pattern Separation Task as a measure of discrimination learning, self-report questionnaires of ruminative and trauma-related thoughts, depression, anxiety, and perceived stress, and an assessment of HRV at rest. After training, participants reported fewer ruminative and trauma-related thoughts, fewer depressive and anxiety symptoms, and less perceived stress (p’s < 0.05). The positive impact on ruminative thoughts and depressive symptoms persisted 6 months after training. They also demonstrated enhanced discrimination of similar patterns of information (p < 0.05). HRV did not change after training (p > 0.05). Combining mental and physical training is an effective program for enhancing mental health and aspects of cognition in women living with HIV, although not necessarily through variance in heart rate.

心理和身体 (MAP) 训练通过集中注意力冥想和有氧运动相结合，以大脑和身体为目标。以下可行性试点研究测试了 6 周的 MAP 培训是否可以改善心理健康结果，同时增强一组患有人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 和其他压力相关疾病的女性的辨别学习和心率变异性 (HRV)。参与者被分配到培训（n  = 18）或非培训控制（n = 8) 分组取决于他们的参与能力和意愿，以及他们的日程安排是否允许。每周举行一次培训课程，持续 6 周，其中 30 分钟的冥想，然后是 30 分钟的有氧运动。在 6 周的训练前后，参与者完成了行为模式分离任务，以衡量歧视学习、反刍和创伤相关思想、抑郁、焦虑和感知压力的自我报告问卷，以及休息时 HRV 的评估。训练后，参与者报告的反刍和创伤相关的想法更少，抑郁和焦虑症状更少，感知压力更少（p的 < 0.05)。对反刍思维和抑郁症状的积极影响在训练后持续了 6 个月。他们还表现出对类似信息模式的识别能力增强（p  < 0.05）。训练后 HRV 没有变化 ( p  > 0.05)。将心理和身体训练相结合是一种有效的计划，可以增强 HIV 感染妇女的心理健康和认知方面，尽管不一定通过心率的变化。