ABSTRACT

Methods of analysis in systematic reviews of interventions continue to develop as authors seek to answer questions about not only whether interventions work, but how and why they work. As our knowledge improves about how complexity in intervention design, implementation and context explains the variation in the association between interventions and outcomes, systematic reviewers increasingly seek to understand this complexity. This article explores how authors of systematic reviews can through their analysis provide the evidence that supports our understanding of how sport and exercise psychology interventions are intended to work and how complexity in the interventions themselves and in the environment they are introduced into may explain the variation in their impacts. It identifies key methods and tools to support reviewers to understand and analyse complexity in interventions, illustrated with examples from sport and exercise psychology. While complexity can be challenging to incorporate into an analysis of interventions in a systematic review, it is an important step for reviewers to take to make sense of large and complex bodies of evidence and to inform the efficient development and adaptation of interventions.

摘要

随着作者试图回答有关干预措施是否有效，以及它们如何以及为什么有效的问题，干预系统评价中的分析方法不断发展。随着我们对干预设计、实施和背景的复杂性如何解释干预和结果之间的关联变化的认识不断提高，系统评价者越来越多地寻求理解这种复杂性。本文探讨了系统评价的作者如何通过他们的分析提供支持我们理解运动和运动心理学干预如何发挥作用的证据，以及干预本身及其所引入环境的复杂性如何解释他们的影响。它确定了支持审阅者理解和分析干预复杂性的关键方法和工具，并以运动和锻炼心理学的例子进行了说明。虽然将复杂性纳入系统评价中的干预分析可能具有挑战性，但对于评价者来说，这是一个重要的步骤，可以理解大量复杂的证据，并为干预措施的有效开发和调整提供信息。