ABSTRACT

The sheer volume of available research and shifts toward evidence-based practice has led researchers and practitioners in sport and exercise psychology to rely increasingly on meta-analyses to summarize current knowledge, provide future research directions, and inform policy and practice. These issues highlight the imperative of precision and integrity in the conduct of meta-analyses in the discipline. This review provides a summary of meta-analytic methods relevant to sport and exercise psychology, identifies important issues and advances in meta-analytic methods, and provides best practice guidelines for meta-analysts to consider when synthesizing research in the discipline. In Part I, I provide an overview of the basic principles of meta-analysis and direct readers to accessible, non-technical treatments of the topic. In Part II, I introduce several key issues in meta-analysis and summarize the latest advances in each: effective assessment of heterogeneity; testing for moderators; dealing with dependency; evaluating publication bias and tracking down ‘fugitive literature’; and assessing sample size in meta-analysis. I also cover two emerging topics: testing theories using meta-analysis and open science and transparency practices in meta-analysis. I conclude the discussion of each issue by providing best practice guidelines, and refer the reader to further accessible texts to augment knowledge and understanding.

摘要

大量可用的研究和向循证实践的转变导致运动和运动心理学的研究人员和从业者越来越依赖元分析来总结当前知识，提供未来的研究方向，并为政策和实践提供信息。这些问题凸显了在该学科中进行荟萃分析的精确性和完整性的必要性。本综述总结了与运动和运动心理学相关的元分析方法，确定了元分析方法的重要问题和进展，并为元分析人员在综合该学科研究时提供了最佳实践指南。在第一部分中，我概述了荟萃分析的基本原则，并指导读者对该主题进行可访问的、非技术性的处理。在第二部分中，我介绍了荟萃分析中的几个关键问题，并总结了每个问题的最新进展： 异质性的有效评估；测试版主；处理依赖；评估发表偏倚并追踪“逃亡文献”；并在荟萃分析中评估样本量。我还涵盖了两个新兴主题：使用元分析测试理论和元分析中的开放科学和透明度实践。我通过提供最佳实践指南来结束对每个问题的讨论，并向读者推荐更多可访问的文本以增加知识和理解。并在荟萃分析中评估样本量。我还涵盖了两个新兴主题：使用元分析测试理论和元分析中的开放科学和透明度实践。我通过提供最佳实践指南来结束对每个问题的讨论，并向读者推荐更多可访问的文本以增加知识和理解。并在荟萃分析中评估样本量。我还涵盖了两个新兴主题：使用元分析测试理论和元分析中的开放科学和透明度实践。我通过提供最佳实践指南来结束对每个问题的讨论，并向读者推荐更多可访问的文本以增加知识和理解。