In Niokolo Koba National Park (NKNP), in the South East of Senegal, we studied the current spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) population size, density and distribution and assessed human-large carnivores’ conflicts. We implemented 26 calling stations operations, installed 87 camera traps and obtained data from tourists, local guides and rangers. In addition, a questionnaire survey was carried out in 31 villages around the park. Our results showed an estimated density from 1.77 to 3.53 spotted hyenas/100 km² depending on used response rates (50–100%) with a minimum population size between 144 and 288 individuals. According to the query survey, the spotted hyena is responsible for the majority of livestock predation around the park (87% of all attacks on livestock), followed by African wild dog (6%), lion (4%) and leopard (3%). A total of 63.1% of all attacks were on cattle, while sheep and goats represent the remaining 36.9%. Spotted hyena and lion mainly predated on livestock at night (93.5% and 71.4% of all attacks, respectively) in contrast to predation by African wild dog and leopard, for which the majority of the attacks occurred during the day (63.9% and 62.5%, respectively). Furthermore, there was more livestock killed during the wet season (58% of all attacks) than during the dry season (42% of all attacks). The distribution of conflicts across five sectors surrounding the park illustrate that the West sector is most impacted (49% of all attacks; districts of Linkering and Medina Gounass) followed by the North West (32%; districts of Dialocoto and Missira). Insights into the severity and dynamics of human-wildlife conflict will contribute towards finding effective mitigation measures, minimising loss of livestock and reducing conflicts.

在塞内加尔东南部的 Niokolo Koba 国家公园 (NKNP)，我们研究了当前斑点鬣狗 ( Crocuta crocuta ) 的种群规模、密度和分布，并评估了人类与大型食肉动物的冲突。我们实施了 26 个呼叫站操作，安装了 87 个摄像头陷阱，并从游客、当地导游和护林员那里获取了数据。此外，还对园区周边31个村进行了问卷调查。我们的结果显示估计密度为 1.77 至 3.53 只斑点鬣狗/100 km ²取决于使用的响应率 (50–100%)，最小种群规模在 144 到 288 个人之间。根据查询调查，斑鬣狗是公园周围大部分牲畜捕食的罪魁祸首（占所有牲畜攻击的 87%），其次是非洲野狗（6%）、狮子（4%）和豹（3%） ）。总共有 63.1% 的袭击是针对牛的，而绵羊和山羊占其余的 36.9%。斑鬣狗和狮子主要在夜间捕食牲畜（分别占所有攻击的 93.5% 和 71.4%），而非洲野狗和豹的捕食则主要发生在白天（63.9% 和 62.5%） ， 分别）。此外，在雨季（所有袭击事件的 58%）杀死的牲畜多于旱季（所有袭击事件的 42%）。公园周围五个地区的冲突分布表明，西部地区受到的影响最大（占所有袭击的 49%；Linkering 和 Medina Gounas 地区），其次是西北地区（32%；Dialocoto 和 Missira 地区）。深入了解人类与野生动物冲突的严重性和动态将有助于找到有效的缓解措施，最大限度地减少牲畜损失并减少冲突。