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Conventional agrochemicals towards nano-biopesticides: an overview on recent advances
Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-15 , DOI: 10.1186/s40538-021-00281-0
Danial Abdollahdokht 1 , Mojtaba Abbasi 1 , Gholamreza Asadikaram 1 , Yunhao Gao 2 , Sanaz Faramarz 3 , Alireza Poustforoosh 4 , Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi 5
Affiliation  

Pesticides are classified into several groups based on their structure, including fungicides, insecticides, herbicides, bactericides, and rodenticides. Pesticides are toxic to both humans and pests. For pest control, a very small amount of pesticides reach their target pests. Therefore, nearly all pesticides move through the environment and exert adverse effects on beneficial biota and public health. These chemicals pollute the water, soil, and atmosphere of the ecosystem. Agricultural workers in greenhouses and open fields, exterminators of house pests, and workers in the pesticide industry are occupationally exposed to pesticides. Pesticide exposure in the general population primarily happens through the consumption of food and water contaminated with pesticide residues; however, substantial exposure can also occur outside or inside the house. Currently, intelligent, responsive, biodegradable, and biocompatible materials have attracted considerable interest for the formulation of green, safe, and efficient pesticides. It was indicated that utilizing nanotechnology to design and prepare targeted pesticides with an environmentally responsive controlled release via chemical modifications and compounds offers great potential for creating new formulations. Furthermore, biopesticides include microbial pesticides, which are naturally happening biochemical pesticides. In addition, pesticidal substances generated by plants with added genetic materials, i.e., plant-incorporated protectants (PIPs), have emerged. Based on the foregoing evidence, various types of pesticides are summarized in this review for the first time. Here, new pesticides including nano-pesticides and biopesticides are discussed while focusing on the most recent findings on targeted and safe nano-formulated biopesticides and nano-pesticides.

中文翻译:

用于纳米生物农药的常规农用化学品:最新进展概述

农药根据其结构分为几类,包括杀菌剂、杀虫剂、除草剂、杀菌剂和灭鼠剂。农药对人和害虫都有毒。对于害虫控制,极少量的杀虫剂可以达到目标害虫。因此,几乎所有杀虫剂都会通过环境传播,并对有益生物群和公众健康产生不利影响。这些化学物质污染了生态系统的水、土壤和大气。温室和开阔地的农业工人、室内害虫的消灭者和农药行业的工人在职业上接触到农药。一般人群接触农药主要是通过食用被农药残留污染的食物和水发生的;然而,大量的暴露也可能发生在屋外或屋内。目前,智能、反应灵敏、可生物降解和生物相容的材料在配制绿色、安全、高效的农药方面引起了相当大的兴趣。研究表明,利用纳米技术通过化学修饰和化合物设计和制备具有环境响应控制释放的目标农药,为创造新制剂提供了巨大潜力。此外,生物杀虫剂包括微生物杀虫剂,它们是自然产生的生化杀虫剂。此外,还出现了由添加了遗传物质的植物产生的农药物质,即植物结合保护剂(PIPs)。基于上述证据,本综述首次对各类农药进行了总结。这里,
更新日期:2022-01-16
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