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RICTOR Drives ZFX-mediated Ganglioside Biosynthesis to Promote Breast Cancer Progression.
bioRxiv - Cancer Biology Pub Date : 2022-09-24 , DOI: 10.1101/2022.01.10.475595
Kajal Rajput , Mohammad Nafees Ansari , Somesh Kumar Jha , Pankaj Sharma , Sudeshna Datta , Nihal Medatwal , Animesh Kar , Trishna Pani , Kaushavi Cholke , Ali Khan , Geetashree Mukherjee , SVS Deo , Jyothi S Prabhu , Arnab Mukhopadhyay , Avinash Bajaj , Ujjaini Dasgupta

Sphingolipid and ganglioside metabolic pathways are crucial components of cell signalling, having established roles in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. However, regulatory mechanisms controlling sphingolipid and ganglioside biosynthesis in mammalian cells is less known. Here, we show that RICTOR, the regulatory subunit of mTORC2, regulates the synthesis of sphingolipids and gangliosides in luminal breast cancer-specific MCF-7 and BT-474 cells through transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. RICTOR regulates glucosylceramide levels by modulating the expression of UDP-Glucose Ceramide Glucosyl transferase (UGCG). We identify Zinc Finger protein X-linked (ZFX) as a RICTOR-responsive transcription factor whose recruitment to the UGCG promoter is regulated by DNA methyltransferases and histone demethylase (KDM5A) that are known AKT substrates. We further demonstrate that RICTOR regulates the synthesis of GD3 gangliosides through ZFX and UGCG, and triggers the activation of EGFR signalling pathway, thereby promoting tumor growth. In line with our findings in cell culture and mice models, we observe an elevated expression of RICTOR, ZFX, and UGCG in Indian luminal breast cancer tissues, and in TCGA and METABRIC datasets. Together, we establish a key regulatory circuit, RICTOR-AKT-ZFX-UGCG-Ganglioside-EGFR-AKT, and elucidate its contribution to breast cancer progression.

中文翻译:

RICTOR 驱动 ZFX 介导的神经节苷脂生物合成以促进乳腺癌进展。

鞘脂和神经节苷脂代谢途径是细胞信号传导的重要组成部分,在肿瘤细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移中具有确定的作用。然而,控制哺乳动物细胞中鞘脂和神经节苷脂生物合成的调节机制鲜为人知。在这里,我们展示了 mTORC2 的调节亚基 RICTOR 通过转录和表观遗传机制调节管腔乳腺癌特异性 MCF-7 和 BT-474 细胞中鞘脂和神经节苷脂的合成。RICTOR 通过调节 UDP-葡萄糖神经酰胺葡萄糖基转移酶 (UGCG) 的表达来调节葡萄糖神经酰胺水平。我们将锌指蛋白 X 连锁 (ZFX) 鉴定为 RICTOR 反应性转录因子,其向 UGCG 启动子的募集受已知 AKT 底物的 DNA 甲基转移酶和组蛋白去甲基化酶 (KDM5A) 调节。我们进一步证明 RICTOR 通过 ZFX 和 UGCG 调节 GD3 神经节苷脂的合成,并触发 EGFR 信号通路的激活,从而促进肿瘤生长。根据我们在细胞培养和小鼠模型中的发现,我们观察到 RICTOR、ZFX 和 UGCG 在印度管腔乳腺癌组织以及 TCGA 和 METABRIC 数据集中的表达升高。我们共同建立了一个关键的调控回路,RICTOR-AKT-ZFX-UGCG-Ganglioside-EGFR-AKT,并阐明了它对乳腺癌进展的贡献。我们进一步证明 RICTOR 通过 ZFX 和 UGCG 调节 GD3 神经节苷脂的合成,并触发 EGFR 信号通路的激活,从而促进肿瘤生长。根据我们在细胞培养和小鼠模型中的发现,我们观察到 RICTOR、ZFX 和 UGCG 在印度管腔乳腺癌组织以及 TCGA 和 METABRIC 数据集中的表达升高。我们共同建立了一个关键的调控回路,RICTOR-AKT-ZFX-UGCG-Ganglioside-EGFR-AKT,并阐明了它对乳腺癌进展的贡献。我们进一步证明 RICTOR 通过 ZFX 和 UGCG 调节 GD3 神经节苷脂的合成,并触发 EGFR 信号通路的激活,从而促进肿瘤生长。根据我们在细胞培养和小鼠模型中的发现,我们观察到 RICTOR、ZFX 和 UGCG 在印度管腔乳腺癌组织以及 TCGA 和 METABRIC 数据集中的表达升高。我们共同建立了一个关键的调控回路,RICTOR-AKT-ZFX-UGCG-Ganglioside-EGFR-AKT,并阐明了它对乳腺癌进展的贡献。
更新日期:2022-09-25
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