Flexible multiple functional cellulose-based membrane (CM) for oil/water separation, anti-microbial and photodegradation are in great demand in marine wastewater treatment due to its’ effective and ecologically benign. Based on this requirement, MnO₂ micro/nanoparticles were in situ deposited on CM sample surface followed by decoration of stearic acid (STA) for very effective oil/water separation, anti-fouling, and dye photodegradation triggered by visible light. The results demonstrated that this as-prepared CM sample showed superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle of 162 ± 2° and superoleophilicity with an oil contact angle of 0°. It also demonstrated exceptional high stability in hostile environments (acid and alkali solution, high temperature, wear resistance, underwater writing, self-cleaning) and a 2.6% increase in tensile strength. In addition, it can successfully separate emulsified oils from typical oil-in-water emulsions with good separation efficiency all over 98% and comparatively high flux (145.8 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹). After 8 cycles, the separation efficiency of the n-hexane/water emulsion is still over 98%. Moreover, over 98% of MB was degraded by using superhydrophobic CM sample, indicating strong photocatalytic activity. Meanwhile, in the maritime environment, this biomimetic sample decreased the adherence of green algae by more than 95%, demonstrating strong anti-biofouling adhesion potential. It indicates that this cost-effective, scalable, environmental friendly, and efficient methodology presented superhydrophobic CM sample has the potential to promote the widespread development of multipurpose superwetting materials, with enticing potential for the treatment of complex oily wastewater.

用于油/水分离、抗菌和光降解的柔性多功能纤维素基膜 (CM) 由于其有效且生态友好，在海洋废水处理中的需求量很大。基于此要求，MnO ₂微/纳米颗粒原位沉积在 CM 样品表面，然后装饰硬脂酸 (STA)，以实现非常有效的油/水分离、防污和可见光触发的染料光降解。结果表明，该制备的 CM 样品显示出超疏水性，水接触角为 162 ± 2°，超亲油性，油接触角为 0°。它还在恶劣环境（酸碱溶液、高温、耐磨、水下书写、自清洁）中表现出卓越的稳定性，抗张强度提高了 2.6%。此外，它可以成功地从典型的水包油乳液中分离出乳化油，分离效率均在98%以上，通量较高（145.8 L·m ^-2 ·h ^-1）。经过8个循环后，正己烷/水乳液的分离效率仍然在98%以上。此外，超过 98% 的 MB 被超疏水 CM 样品降解，表明其具有很强的光催化活性。同时，在海洋环境中，该仿生样品将绿藻的附着力降低了 95% 以上，具有很强的抗生物污染附着力潜力。这表明，这种具有成本效益、可扩展、环境友好和高效的超疏水 CM 样品方法具有促进多功能超润湿材料广泛发展的潜力，具有处理复杂含油废水的诱人潜力。