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Close-spaced plant arrangement optimizes castor biomass and seed yields in tropical fall–winter conditions
Crop Science ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-12 , DOI: 10.1002/csc2.20708
Tailene E. Kotz‐Gurgacz 1 , Rogério P. Soratto 1 , Fernando V. C. Guidorizzi 1, 2 , Amanda P. Gilabel 1, 2 , Emerson F. C. Souza 3
Affiliation  

The high seed yield and optimum harvesting of short-height castor (Ricinus communis L.) genotypes have enabled its large-scale cultivation and introduction in the Brazilian cropping systems. Thus, studies to optimize plant density are essential to adequate plant population since this is the key management to influence castor biomass and seed production. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of plant density by altering plant arrangement (i.e., spacing between and within rows) on growth, biomass production and partitioning, and seed yield of a castor cultivar in fall–winter cropping season. Field experiments were conducted over two seasons in southeastern Brazil. Two close-spaced (0.45 × 0.23 m and 0.45 × 0.44 m) and a traditional (0.90 × 0.44 m) plant arrangements were tested. Plant arrangements influenced plant growth, biomass production and partitioning, and seed yield. Compared to the traditional layout, close-spaced plant arrangements resulted in thinner basal stems and lower leaf area per plant, but increased leaf area index. The plant arrangement with higher plant density increased per-unit area production of stem plus leaf biomass (43–48%), which also resulted in increased (24%) seed yield, compared to traditional layout. Although a greater amount of biomass was partitioned to reproductive organs in close-spaced plant arrangements, this allocation was not enough to influence the harvest index. Therefore, the adaptive performance of short-height castor adjusting biomass partitioning to maximize stem plus leaf biomass production and seed yield at close-spaced plant arrangement demonstrated this to be a suitable option to cultivate in the Brazilian fall–winter season.

中文翻译:

密集的植物排列优化了热带秋冬条件下的蓖麻生物量和种子产量

短高蓖麻种子高产及最佳采收L.) 基因型使其能够在巴西种植系统中大规模种植和引入。因此,优化植物密度的研究对于充足的植物种群至关重要,因为这是影响蓖麻生物量和种子产量的关键管理。本研究旨在通过改变植物排列(即行间距和行内间距)来评估植物密度对秋冬季蓖麻品种生长、生物量产生和分配以及种子产量的影响。在巴西东南部进行了两个季节的田间试验。测试了两个紧密间隔(0.45 × 0.23 m 和 0.45 × 0.44 m)和传统的(0.90 × 0.44 m)植物布置。植物排列影响植物生长、生物量产生和分配以及种子产量。与传统布局相比,密集的植物排列导致更薄的基部茎和每株植物的叶面积减少,但叶面积指数增加。与传统布局相比,具有较高植物密度的植物布置增加了单位面积茎叶生物量的产量(43-48%),这也导致种子产量增加(24%)。尽管在密集的植物排列中,更多的生物量被分配到生殖器官,但这种分配不足以影响收获指数。因此,短高蓖麻通过调整生物量分配以最大限度地提高茎叶生物量产量和紧密间距植物排列的种子产量的适应性表现表明,这是在巴西秋冬季节种植的合适选择。但增加叶面积指数。与传统布局相比,具有较高植物密度的植物布置增加了单位面积茎叶生物量的产量(43-48%),这也导致种子产量增加(24%)。尽管在密集的植物排列中,更多的生物量被分配到生殖器官,但这种分配不足以影响收获指数。因此,短高蓖麻通过调整生物量分配以最大限度地提高茎叶生物量产量和紧密间距植物排列的种子产量的适应性表现表明,这是在巴西秋冬季节种植的合适选择。但增加叶面积指数。与传统布局相比,具有较高植物密度的植物布置增加了单位面积茎叶生物量的产量(43-48%),这也导致种子产量增加(24%)。尽管在密集的植物排列中,更多的生物量被分配到生殖器官,但这种分配不足以影响收获指数。因此,短高蓖麻通过调整生物量分配以最大限度地提高茎叶生物量产量和紧密间距植物排列的种子产量的适应性表现表明,这是在巴西秋冬季节种植的合适选择。与传统布局相比,这也导致种子产量增加(24%)。尽管在密集的植物排列中,更多的生物量被分配到生殖器官,但这种分配不足以影响收获指数。因此,短高蓖麻通过调整生物量分配以最大限度地提高茎叶生物量产量和紧密间距植物排列的种子产量的适应性表现表明,这是在巴西秋冬季节种植的合适选择。与传统布局相比,这也导致种子产量增加(24%)。尽管在密集的植物排列中,更多的生物量被分配到生殖器官,但这种分配不足以影响收获指数。因此,短高蓖麻通过调整生物量分配以最大限度地提高茎叶生物量产量和紧密间距植物排列的种子产量的适应性表现表明,这是在巴西秋冬季节种植的合适选择。
更新日期:2022-01-12
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