Zwitterionic surfactants based on 3-(1-alkyl-3-imidazolio) propane-sulfonate ([ImS3-R] where R is octyl or dodecyl) is an emerging and important class of amphiphile due to their relevance as nano reactors for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles and accelerated acid hydrolysis. The physicochemical properties of such synthesized imidazolium ring-containing zwitterionic surfactants have been characterized by surface tension and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) techniques. Surface tension measurements were used to calculate several thermodynamic parameters over a range of concentrations and temperatures (298–313 K). The results obtained showed a weak signature representing the critical micelle concentration (CMC) for ImS3-8, however, by increasing the alkyl length of the hydrophobic group to dodecyl, that is, ImS3-8 to ImS3-12, the signature of the CMC was much more evident. As expected, the CMC for ImS3-12 shifted to a lower concentration. An increase in temperature increased the surface activity and decreased the CMC of both zwitterionic surfactants, although the changes were small. Compared to classical surfactants, that is, sodium dodecyl sulfate and dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide, the CMC of ImS3-12 is much lower. Modeling of SANS data demonstrated that the morphology of the micelles formed by these amphiphiles may be described by the “classical” model, a central hydrophobic core, with a shell of hydrated headgroups. Due to their widespread applications in colloidal and interfacial science, the present study adds new insight to the fundamental understanding of these interesting imidazolium-based surface-active ionic liquids (ImS3-R).

中文翻译：

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含两性离子表面活性剂的咪唑环的界面活性和胶束形态

基于 3-(1-烷基-3-咪唑啉) 丙磺酸盐 ([ImS3-R] 其中 R 是辛基或十二烷基) 的两性离子表面活性剂是一类新兴且重要的两亲物，因为它们与纳米反应器的合成有关金属纳米颗粒和加速酸水解。这种合成的含咪唑环两性离子表面活性剂的物理化学性质已通过表面张力和小角中子散射 (SANS) 技术进行了表征。表面张力测量用于计算一系列浓度和温度 (298–313 K) 内的几个热力学参数。获得的结果显示出代表 ImS3-8 的临界胶束浓度 (CMC) 的弱特征，然而，通过将疏水基团的烷基长度增加到十二烷基，即 ImS3-8 到 ImS3-12，中央军委的签名更加明显。正如预期的那样，ImS3-12 的 CMC 转移到较低的浓度。温度升高增加了表面活性并降低了两种两性离子表面活性剂的 CMC，尽管变化很小。与经典的表面活性剂，即十二烷基硫酸钠和十二烷基三甲基溴化铵相比，ImS3-12的CMC要低得多。SANS 数据的建模表明，由这些两亲物形成的胶束的形态可以用“经典”模型来描述，即中央疏水核，具有水合头基的外壳。由于它们在胶体和界面科学中的广泛应用，本研究为这些有趣的基于咪唑鎓的表面活性离子液体 (ImS3-R) 的基本理解增添了新的见解。