The present study introduces an overview of gentamicin-clay mineral systems for applications in biomedicine and then focuses on the development of a series of gentamicin/clay hybrid materials to be used as the bioactive phase of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) to produce bionanocomposite membranes possessing antimicrobial activity of interest in wound-dressing applications. Gentamicin (Gt) was adsorbed from aqueous solutions into a montmorillonite (Cloisite®-Na⁺) to produce intercalation compounds with tunable content of the antibiotic. The hybrids were characterized by CHN chemical analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis, confirming the intercalation of Gt by an ion-exchange mechanism. The release of Gt from the hybrids was tested in water and in buffer solution to check their stability. Hybrids with various amounts of Gt were incorporated into a HPMC matrix at various loadings and processed as films by the casting method. The resulting Gt-clay/HPMC bionanocomposites were characterized by means of field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and were also evaluated for their water-adsorption and mechanical properties to confirm their suitability for wound-dressing applications. The antimicrobial activity of the bionanocomposite films was tested in vitro toward various microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Klebsiella pneumonia), showing a complete bacterial reduction even in films with small Gt contents.

本研究概述了庆大霉素-粘土矿物系统在生物医学中的应用，然后重点开发了一系列庆大霉素/粘土杂化材料，用作羟丙基甲基纤维素 (HPMC) 的生物活性相，以生产具有抗菌活性的生物纳米复合膜。对伤口敷料应用感兴趣。庆大霉素 (Gt) 从水溶液中吸附到蒙脱石 (Cloisite®-Na ⁺) 以生产具有可调抗生素含量的插层化合物。通过 CHN 化学分析、能量色散 X 射线分析、X 射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱和热重分析对杂化物进行了表征，证实了 Gt 通过离子交换机制嵌入。在水和缓冲溶液中测试了从杂种中释放的 Gt 以检查它们的稳定性。具有不同量 Gt 的杂化物以不同的负载量掺入 HPMC 基质中，并通过流延法加工成薄膜。得到的 Gt-粘土/HPMC 生物纳米复合材料通过场发射扫描电子显微镜进行了表征，并评估了它们的吸水性和机械性能，以确认它们对伤口敷料应用的适用性。大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA) 、耐万古霉素屎肠球菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌)，即使在 Gt 含量较低的薄膜中也显示出完全的细菌减少。