Highly efficient elimination of oils or petroleum pollutions in water is of great importance for both human health and society sustainability. In this work, we report the fabrication of oleophilic porous carbon loading with microbials (OPC-M), which was prepared through a carbonization of pitch followed by a multi-step doping of the microbials into the as-prepared carbon, for selective absorption and efficient degradation of petroleum pollutions. Thanks to its abundantly porous structure and oleophilic wettability, the petroleum pollutions in wastewater (using n-hexadecane as model compound) can be selectively absorbed inside the OPC-M and then could be biodegraded by the loaded microbials. Compared with that of free microbials and porous carbon loading with microbials (PC-M) which has a degradation rate of 64.10%, and 89.3%, respectively, the OPC-M possesses a higher degradation performance of 96.75%. Also, their degradation half-lives are measured to be 72.96 h, 29.53 h and 15.34 h, respectively. The degradation kinetics of both PC-M and OPC-M fit well with the first-order kinetic equation. The degradation mechanism for n-hexadecane were explored by GC–MS and the results show that n-hexadecane can be degraded by enzymes in microbials into n-hexadecyl alcohol, n-hexadecaldehyde, n-hexadecanoic acid, and finally converted into water and carbon dioxide. This combination of selective absorption and biodegradable OPC-M may open up an effective green way for the purification of oily wastewater.

高效消除水中的油类或石油污染对人类健康和社会可持续性都非常重要。在这项工作中，我们报告了用微生物制备亲油多孔碳负载 (OPC-M)，它是通过沥青碳化然后将微生物多步掺杂到所制备的碳中来制备的，用于选择性吸收和有效降解石油污染。由于其丰富的多孔结构和亲油润湿性，废水中的石油污染（使用正十六烷作为模型化合物）可以选择性地吸收到 OPC-M 内部，然后可以被负载的微生物生物降解。与游离微生物和多孔碳载微生物（PC-M）相比，降解率分别为64.10%和89.3%，OPC-M 具有更高的降解性能，达到 96.75%。此外，它们的降解半衰期分别为 72.96 小时、29.53 小时和 15.34 小时。PC-M 和 OPC-M 的降解动力学均符合一级动力学方程。GC-MS研究了正十六烷的降解机理，结果表明正十六烷可被微生物体内的酶降解为正十六烷醇、正十六醛、正十六烷酸，最终转化为水和碳。二氧化碳。这种选择性吸收和可生物降解的 OPC-M 的结合可能为含油废水的净化开辟一条有效的绿色途径。PC-M 和 OPC-M 的降解动力学均符合一级动力学方程。GC-MS研究了正十六烷的降解机理，结果表明正十六烷可被微生物体内的酶降解为正十六烷醇、正十六醛、正十六烷酸，最终转化为水和碳。二氧化碳。这种选择性吸收和可生物降解的 OPC-M 的结合可能为含油废水的净化开辟一条有效的绿色途径。PC-M 和 OPC-M 的降解动力学均符合一级动力学方程。GC-MS研究了正十六烷的降解机理，结果表明正十六烷可被微生物体内的酶降解为正十六烷醇、正十六醛、正十六烷酸，最终转化为水和碳。二氧化碳。这种选择性吸收和可生物降解的 OPC-M 的结合可能为含油废水的净化开辟一条有效的绿色途径。