Rapid and efficient tools for early cancer detection have diagnostic and therapeutic value. Given that the DNA hairpin-based hybridization chain reaction (HCR) is effective in detecting various biological targets, a tetrahedral framework DNA-enhanced (TDN-enhanced) HCR detection system (T-probe system) is introduced for cancer-related targets and its versatility is demonstrated by detecting intracellular target miRNA 21 and cellular membrane target nucleolin. Benefiting from the spatial confinement of the TDN, the T-probe system demonstrates a high detection rate. It increases the reaction efficiency of nude hairpins in vitro while accurately and rapidly recognizing both membrane and intracellular cancer-related targets in living cells. Furthermore, it exhibits superior fluorescence in vivo within 15 s of peripheral-tumor injection and 10 min of tail-vein injection. The T-probe system efficiently and accurately images tumor-related biomarkers in vitro and in vivo, thereby demonstrating great potential for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic applications.

中文翻译：

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使用四面体 DNA 框架增强型杂交链式反应探针促进原位肿瘤成像

用于早期癌症检测的快速有效工具具有诊断和治疗价值。鉴于基于 DNA 发夹的杂交链式反应 (HCR) 可有效检测各种生物靶点，针对癌症相关靶点及其通过检测细胞内靶 miRNA 21 和细胞膜靶核仁素证明了多功能性。受益于 TDN 的空间限制，T-probe 系统表现出很高的检测率。它提高了裸发夹在体外的反应效率，同时准确快速地识别活细胞中的膜和细胞内癌症相关靶标。此外，它在外周肿瘤注射后 15 秒内和尾静脉注射后 10 分钟内表现出优异的体内荧光。T-probe系统在体外和体内高效、准确地成像肿瘤相关的生物标志物，从而展示了临床诊断和治疗应用的巨大潜力。