Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cell, and they differentiate in homeostasis in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) via multiple intermediate progenitor cells into mature cells that enter the circulation. Recent findings support a continuous model of differentiation in the bone marrow of heterogeneous HSCs and progenitor populations. Cell fate decisions at the levels of proliferation and differentiation are enforced through expression of lineage-determining transcription factors and their interactions, which are influenced by intrinsic (intracellular) and extrinsic (extracellular) mechanisms. Neutrophil homeostasis is subjected to positive-feedback loops, stemming from the gut microbiome, as well as negative-feedback loops resulting from the clearance of apoptotic neutrophils by mature macrophages. Finally, the cellular kinetics regarding the replenishing of the mature neutrophil pool is discussed in light of recent contradictory data.

中文翻译：

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中性粒细胞生成之旅：骨髓中的复杂景观如何引导连续的中性粒细胞谱系确定。

中性粒细胞是最丰富的白细胞，它们在骨髓中的稳态中通过多个中间祖细胞从造血干细胞 (HSC) 分化为进入循环的成熟细胞。最近的研究结果支持异质 HSC 和祖细胞群骨髓分化的连续模型。细胞在增殖和分化水平上的命运决定是通过谱系决定转录因子的表达及其相互作用来实现的，这些转录因子受内在（细胞内）和外在（细胞外）机制的影响。中性粒细胞稳态受来自肠道微生物组的正反馈回路以及成熟巨噬细胞清除凋亡中性粒细胞引起的负反馈回路的影响。最后，