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Halloysite Nanotube Vehicles for Drug Delivery Through a Model Blood–Brain Barrier
Clays and Clay Minerals ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-01-06 , DOI: 10.1007/s42860-021-00161-6
M. Saleh 1 , N. Prajapati 1 , A. Karan 1 , N. Rahman 1 , M. DeCoster 1 , Y. Lvov 1 , A. Stavitskaya 2
Affiliation  

Epilepsy treatment requires anti-seizure medical formulations; available medications have various painful side effects and penetrate the brain–blood barrier poorly. A promising method is the use of natural clay nanocontainers for drug delivery through this membrane barrier. Halloysites (Hly) are biocompatible, 50-nm diameter tubes with a positively charged, hollow inner lumen and negatively charged outer shell and are available naturally. These characteristics enable them to be versatile as drug loaded ‘nano-torpedoes’ effectively penetrating cell membranes. The endothelial cells are a major cell type in the blood–brain barrier that provides for the selective permeability separating the circulating blood and allowing only the passage of glucose, water, and amino acids, but not traditional drug formulations. Nanotubes encapsulating rhodamine isothiocyanate and ionomycin penetration through the rat-brain microvascular endothelial cells followed by a prolonged 24-h drug release was demonstrated. A model membrane was set up across 0.4-μm-pore polystyrene transwell supports covered by seeding endothelial and astrocyte cells to mimic the blood–brain barrier in vivo. This barrier demonstrated a dual permeation mechanism (inter-cell accumulation and through-passing) for loaded Hlys, exploiting the potential of this nanoclay in the trans-membrane delivery of drugs. Use of Hly nanotubes as drug carriers to penetrate the brain microvascular endothelial barrier and to deliver the payload displayed a new approach for the treatment of brain diseases such as epilepsy.



中文翻译:

埃洛石纳米管载体通过模型血脑屏障进行药物输送

癫痫治疗需要抗癫痫药物制剂;现有的药物有各种痛苦的副作用,并且很难穿透脑血屏障。一种有前景的方法是使用天然粘土纳米容器通过这种膜屏障进行药物输送。埃洛石 (Hly) 是具有正电荷的中空内腔和带负电荷的外壳的生物相容性 50 nm 直径管,并且可以自然获得。这些特性使它们能够作为装载药物的“纳米鱼雷”有效地穿透细胞膜而发挥作用。内皮细胞是血脑屏障中的一种主要细胞类型,它提供了分离循环血液的选择性渗透性,只允许葡萄糖、水和氨基酸通过,而不是传统的药物制剂。纳米管封装了异硫氰酸罗丹明和离子霉素,可以穿透大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞,然后延长 24 小时的药物释放时间。模型膜设置在 0.4-μm 孔聚苯乙烯 transwell 支持物上,覆盖着接种内皮细胞和星形胶质细胞,以模拟体内的血脑屏障。该屏障展示了负载 Hlys 的双重渗透机制(细胞间积累和通过),利用了这种纳米粘土在药物跨膜递送中的潜力。使用 Hly 纳米管作为药物载体穿透大脑微血管内皮屏障并传递有效载荷,展示了一种治疗癫痫等脑部疾病的新方法。

更新日期:2022-01-06
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