Constructing sodium-ion battery anodes with efficient ion/electron transport and high cycling stability is significantly promising for applications but still remains challenging. Here, “three-in-one” multi-level design is performed to develop a carbon-coated phosphorous-doped MoS₂ anchored on carbon nanotube paper (P-MoS₂@C/CNTP). The Na⁺ diffusion and electron transport, as well as the structural stability of the whole anode are simultaneously enhanced through the synergistically optimization of P-MoS₂@C/CNTP at atomic, nanoscopic, and macroscopic levels. Resulted from the multi-level modification, the synergetic mechanism has been demonstrated by electrochemical measurement and theoretical calculation. As a result, the free-standing P-MoS₂@C/CNTP anode presents a high rate performance (150 mA h g⁻¹ at 5 A g⁻¹) and a long cycling life (1 A g⁻¹, 1200 cycles, 249 mA h g⁻¹). This work provides a new approach to the design and fabrication of high-performance conversion-type electrode materials for rechargeable batteries application.

中文翻译：

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增强钠储存的二硫化钼基阳极“三合一”多层次设计：从原子到宏观

构建具有高效离子/电子传输和高循环稳定性的钠离子电池负极具有显着的应用前景，但仍然具有挑战性。在这里，进行“三合一”多层次设计，以开发锚定在碳纳米管纸上的碳包覆磷掺杂 MoS _{2 (P-MoS 2} @C/CNTP)。_{通过P-MoS 2}的协同优化， Na ⁺扩散和电子传输以及整个阳极的结构稳定性同时得到增强@C/CNTP 在原子、纳米和宏观水平上。通过多级修饰，通过电化学测量和理论计算证明了协同机制。因此，独立式 P-MoS ₂ @C/CNTP 阳极具有高倍率性能（150 mA hg ^-1 at 5 A g ^-1）和长循环寿命（1 A g ^-1，1200 次循环， 249 mA hg ^-1 )。这项工作为可充电电池应用的高性能转换型电极材料的设计和制造提供了一种新方法。