Background

Combining hemodialysis treatment with hemoperfusion (HP) can lower the cardiovascular-related mortality rate of patients with kidney failure.

Methods

In this study, we have developed porous cellulose acetate mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) with a series of adsorbents—activated carbon (AC), zeolite (ZO), and graphene oxide (GO)—and explored the possibility of using them as the HP treatment units for the removal of uremic toxins. We used a non-solvent induced phase separation method to prepare adsorbent-incorporated MMMs and then characterized them based on their pore structures and physicochemical properties. Batch adsorption experiments of the prepared MMMs for p-cresol (PC) and creatinine (CRT) were conducted to reveal their adsorption capacities, kinetics, and mechanisms within 24 h.

Significant findings

The highest adsorption capacity per gram of AC-incorporated MMMs for PC and CRT at 37 °C (calculated by the Langmuir model) was 103.0 and 137.0 mg, respectively. The closed-loop dynamic tests were used to evaluate the clearance efficiency of PC and CRT from their binary solutions at 37 °C. The result demonstrated that the preferential ability of the AC-incorporated membrane to adsorb 73.8% of PC (initially 50 mg/L) and only 6.7% of CRT (initially 150 mg/L) within 4 h. Time-course measurements of the cellular viability of fibroblast NIH/3T3 and leukemic THP1 cells and the hemolysis tests in the presence of the prepared MMMs suggested that these biocompatible MMMs were promising and potential materials for HP treatment.

中文翻译：

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用于有效清除合成血清中的对甲酚和肌酐的多孔醋酸纤维素混合基质膜吸附剂

背景

血液透析与血液灌流（HP）相结合可以降低肾功能衰竭患者的心血管相关死亡率。

方法

在这项研究中，我们开发了具有一系列吸附剂——活性炭 (AC)、沸石 (ZO) 和氧化石墨烯 (GO) 的多孔醋酸纤维素混合基质膜 (MMM)，并探索了将它们用作吸附剂的可能性。用于去除尿毒症毒素的 HP 治疗装置。我们使用非溶剂诱导相分离方法制备了吸附剂的 MMM，然后根据它们的孔结构和物理化学性质对其进行了表征。对制备的 MMM 进行对甲酚 (PC) 和肌酐 (CRT) 的批量吸附实验，以揭示它们在 24 小时内的吸附能力、动力学和机理。

重要发现

在 37 °C 下（由朗缪尔模型计算），每克掺有 AC 的 MMM 对 PC 和 CRT 的最高吸附容量分别为 103.0 和 137.0 毫克。闭环动态测试用于评估 PC 和 CRT 在 37 °C 下从其二元溶液中的清除效率。结果表明，掺有 AC 的膜在 4 小时内优先吸附 73.8% 的 PC（初始 50 mg/L）和仅 6.7% 的 CRT（初始 150 mg/L）。成纤维细胞 NIH/3T3 和白血病 THP1 细胞活力的时间过程测量以及在制备的 MMM 存在下的溶血测试表明，这些生物相容性 MMM 是用于 HP 治疗的有前途和潜在的材料。