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Exposure to PM2.5 during Pregnancy and Fetal Growth in Eastern Massachusetts, USA
Environmental Health Perspectives ( IF 10.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-1-6 , DOI: 10.1289/ehp9824
Michael Leung 1 , Marc G Weisskopf 1, 2 , Francine Laden 1, 2, 3 , Brent A Coull 4 , Anna M Modest 5, 6 , Michele R Hacker 1, 5, 6 , Blair J Wylie 5, 6 , Yaguang Wei 2 , Joel Schwartz 1, 2 , Stefania Papatheodorou 1
Affiliation  

Abstract

Background:

Prior studies have examined the association between fine particulate matter [PM 2.5μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)] and fetal growth with either limited spatial or temporal resolution.

Objectives:

In this study, we examined the association between PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy and fetal growth measures (ultrasound parameters and birth weight) in a pregnancy cohort using spatiotemporally resolved PM2.5 in Eastern Massachusetts, USA.

Methods:

We used ultrasound measures of biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference, femur length, and abdominal circumference (AC), in addition to birth weight, from 9,446 pregnancies that were delivered at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center from 2011–2016. We used linear mixed-effects models to examine the associations of PM2.5 in two exposure windows (the first 16 wk of pregnancy and the cumulative exposure up until the assessment of fetal growth) with anatomic scans (ultrasound measures at<24wk), growth scans (ultrasound measures at24wk), and birth weight. All models were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, long-term trends, and temperature.

Results:

Higher PM2.5 exposure in the first 16 wk was associated with smaller fetal growth measures, where associations were particularly strong for BPD, AC, and birth weight. For example, a 5-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with a lower mean BPD z-score of 0.19 (95% CI: 0.31, 0.06) before 24 wk, a lower mean AC z-score of 0.15 (95% CI: 0.28, 0.01) after 24 wk, and a lower mean birth weight z-score of 0.11 (95% CI: 0.20, 0.01). Analyses examining the associations with cumulative PM2.5 exposure up until the assessment of fetal growth produced attenuated associations.

Conclusions:

Higher gestational exposure to PM2.5 was associated with smaller fetal growth measures at levels below the current national standards. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9824



中文翻译:

美国马萨诸塞州东部怀孕和胎儿生长期间暴露于 PM2.5

摘要

背景:

先前的研究已经检查了细颗粒物 [PM2.5μ气动直径 (下午2.5)] 和具有有限空间或时间分辨率的胎儿生长。

目标:

在本研究中,我们检验了两者之间的关联下午2.5使用时空分辨的妊娠队列中的妊娠期间暴露和胎儿生长测量(超声参数和出生体重)下午2.5在美国马萨诸塞州东部。

方法:

除了出生体重外,我们还对 2011 年至 2016 年在贝斯以色列女执事医疗中心分娩的 9,446 名孕妇进行了双顶径 (BPD)、头围、股骨长度和腹围 (AC) 的超声测量。我们使用线性混合效应模型来检查下午2.5通过解剖扫描(超声措施在<24), 生长扫描 (超声波措施在24) 和出生体重。所有模型都针对社会人口学特征、长期趋势和温度进行了调整。

结果:

更高下午2.5前 16 周的暴露与较小的胎儿生长测量值相关,其中 BPD、AC 和出生体重的相关性特别强。例如,一个5-μG/3增加下午2.5与较低的平均 BPD 相关z- 分数-0.19(95% 置信区间:-0.31,-0.06) 24 周前,较低的平均 ACz- 分数-0.15(95% 置信区间:-0.28,-0.01) 24 周后,平均出生体重降低z- 分数-0.11(95% 置信区间:-0.20,-0.01)。分析检查与累积的关联下午2.5直到评估胎儿生长的暴露产生减弱的关联。

结论:

更高的妊娠暴露下午2.5与低于当前国家标准水平的较小胎儿生长测量有关。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9824

更新日期:2022-01-06
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