The COVID-19 pandemic made visceral for many the fact that virtual forms of collaboration— simultaneously liberating and frustrating—are here to stay. Workers’ frustrations demonstrate that challenges remain for work and its design in increasingly “hybrid” collaboration— work in which some people, interacting face-to-face, are co-located while others with whom they work are remote. Using Buchanan's four orders of design, in conjunction with management and information systems scholarship, we present a framework for improving these virtual forms of collaboration. In this article, we review the latest knowledge from these disciplines on virtual collaboration through the lens of the four orders of design. In doing so, we demonstrate that conceiving of work in terms of flexible collaborative environments could increase the unity of purpose between work and workers by leveraging the capabilities of varying degrees of virtuality to engender experiences that benefit all those who interact with work systems.

中文翻译：

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混合协作的灵活环境：通过四个设计顺序重新设计虚拟工作

COVID-19 大流行使许多人发自内心地意识到，虚拟的协作形式——既解放又令人沮丧——将继续存在。工人的挫败感表明，在日益“混合”的协作中，工作及其设计仍然面临挑战——在工作中，一些人面对面互动，而其他人则在远程工作。使用布坎南的四个设计顺序，结合管理和信息系统学术，我们提出了一个改进这些虚拟协作形式的框架。在本文中，我们通过四个设计顺序的镜头回顾了这些学科关于虚拟协作的最新知识。在这样做，